Serum Selenium, Iron, Zinc, and Copper Concentrations in Renal Transplant Recipients Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil

Wilk, Aleksandra; Szypulska-Koziarska, Dagmara; Marchelek-Myśliwiec, Małgorzata; Głazek, Wojciech; Wiszniewska, Barbara

doi:10.1007/s12011-020-02074-2

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Low levels of selenium are found in some regions of the world [70,71]. In our country, the average Se concentration is 70 µg/L (50−55 µg/L in some regions), and in North America it is 122.4−151.8 µg/L [70,73,74]. Recommendations for the optimal amount of Se in the diet are based on maximizing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) [70,71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Lewandowska

Więckowska

Sajdak³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Microelements involved in the oxidative balance have a significant impact on human health, but their role in pregnancy are poorly studied. We examined the relationships between first trimester levels of selenium (Se), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu), as well as maternal characteristics and pregnancy results. The data came from a Polish prospective cohort of women in a single pregnancy without chronic diseases. A group of 563 women who had a complete set of data, including serum microelements in the 10–14th week was examined, and the following were found: 47 deliveries <37th week; 48 cases of birth weight <10th and 64 newborns >90th percentile; 13 intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) cases; 105 gestational hypertension (GH) and 15 preeclampsia (PE) cases; and 110 gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) cases. The microelements were quantified using mass spectrometry. The average concentrations (and ranges) of the elements were as follows: Se: 60.75 µg/L (40.91–125.54); Zn: 618.50 µg/L (394.04–3238.90); Cu: 1735.91 µg/L (883.61–3956.76); and Fe: 1018.33 µg/L (217.55–2806.24). In the multivariate logistic regression, we found that an increase in Se of 1 µg/L reduces the risk of GH by 6% (AOR = 0.94; p = 0.004), the risk of IUGR by 11% (AOR = 0.89; p = 0.013), and the risk of birth <34th week by 7% (but close to the significance) (AOR = 0.93; p = 0.061). An increase in Fe of 100 µg/L reduces the risk of PE by 27% (AOR = 0.73; p = 0.009). In the multivariable linear regression, we found negative strong associations between prepregnancy BMI, Se (β = −0.130; p = 0.002), and Fe (β = −0.164; p < 0.0001), but positive associations with Cu (β = 0.320; p < 0.000001). The relationships between Se and maternal age (β = 0.167; p < 0.0001), Se and smoking (β = −0.106; p = 0.011) and Cu, and gestational age from the 10–14th week (β = 0.142; p < 0.001) were also found. Secondary education was associated with Zn (β = 0.132; p = 0.004) and higher education was associated with Cu (β = −0.102; p = 0.023). A higher financial status was associated with Fe (β = 0.195; p = 0.005). Other relationships were statistically insignificant. Further research is needed to clarify relationships between first trimester microelements and pregnancy complications. In addition, attention should be paid to lifestyle-related and socioeconomic factors that affect microelement levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Lewandowska

Więckowska

Sajdak³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…It is possible that disturbances in glucose homeostasis during progressing inflammatory processes are related to higher levels of urinary Cr loss. Some authors have observed that hyperglycemia is a poor prognostic factor in severe infections such as malaria and COVID-19 [ 61 ]. Similarly, Zeng et al [ 28 ] found that disturbances in urinary concentrations of Cr and Mn are associated with severe illness, which was also observed in mice during Acanthamoeba sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it has been shown that immunosuppressive drugs, which increase the concentration of Cu and Zn in the blood serum, also reduce the concentration of Na [ 64 ]. Wilk et al [ 61 ] found higher levels of Fe in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs, including mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroelement and Microelement Levels in the Urine in Experimental Acanthamoebiasis

Łanocha-Arendarczyk,

Kot,

Baranowska-Bosiacka

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Free-living amoebas can impact the excretion of macroelements and microelements in urine. The aim of the present study was to examine the concentrations of macroelements, including calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), as well as microelements such as manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and chromium (Cr), in the urine during acanthamoebiasis while considering the host’s immunological status. This is the first study to show an increase in urinary excretion of Ca, Mn, Cu, Fe, Na, and Cr, along with a decreased excretion of K, in immunocompetent mice 16 days post Acanthamoeba sp. infection. In the final phase of infection (24 dpi), there was a further decrease in urinary K excretion and a lower level of P in Acanthamoeba sp. infected immunocompetent hosts. During acanthamoebiasis in immunosuppressed hosts, increased excretion of Zn, Fe, and Cr was observed at the beginning of the infection, and increased Na excretion only at 16 days post Acanthamoeba sp. infection. Additionally, host immunosuppression affected the concentration of Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Ca in urine.

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“…2, Pomeranian Medical University, in Szczecin in northwestern Poland. The experiment is the continuation of our previous experiment [25,26]. Patients were characterized by stable function of renal graft for over six months.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The blood mercury concentration can rise to 35 μg/L after long-term exposure to mercury vapor [ 22 ]. Renal transplant recipients need to use immunosuppressive drugs (IDs) in order to avoid graft rejection, but these IDs affect magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), [ 23 ], and iron (Fe) status in blood [ 24 ], as well as that of selenium (Se), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and Fe [ 25 ]. Our previous data have indicated that mycophenolate mofetil alters the concentration of arsenic and selenium concentration in blood of renal transplant recipients [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Cadmium, Mercury, and Lead Concentrations in Erythrocytes of Renal Transplant Recipients from Northwestern Poland

Wilk

Romanowski

Wiszniewska

2021

Biology

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Cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) exhibit highly nephrotoxic properties, and their high concentrations can lead to renal failure. Much research has been conducted on the concentrations of heavy metals, microelements, and macroelements in the blood, but little is known about the concentration of Cd, Pb, and Hg in erythrocytes of renal recipients. The aim of this study is to determine the blood erythrocyte concentrations of toxic metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg) in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Additionally, we analyzed the effect of selected biological and environmental factors, including the intake of various immunosuppressive drug regimens and smoking, on these xenobiotic concentrations. The material consisted of erythrocyte samples from 115 patients of the Department of Nephrology, Transplantology, and Internal Medicine at Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 2, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, in northwestern Poland. Cd, Hg, and Pb levels in the erythrocytes were quantified by inductively coupled mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Equal concentrations of Cd were found in erythrocytes of both female and male transplant recipients. The highest level of Hg was seen in women, and women overall had statistically higher concentrations of Pb than men. Comparison of metal concentrations between those over 50 years and those under it showed that Pb concentration was also significantly higher in renal transplant recipients over 50. Pb concentration was almost twice as high in RTRs who used tacrolimus with mycophenolate mofetil than in RTRs who used cyclosporine A with mycophenolate mofetil. The highest level of Cd was seen in smokers, who had 3.25 µg/L. This value was significantly higher than in ex-smokers (p = 0.001) and with RTRs who had never smoked. There were significantly higher levels of Pb in the erythrocytes of RTRs who were ex-smokers than in those who had never smoked. A statistically significant correlation was found between Cd and Pb concentrations. Additionally, we have noticed significant positive correlation between Pb and age (R = 0.37), gender (R = 0.24) and significant negative correlation of Pb with GFR (R = −0.33). We have also found significant positive correlation between Hg and age (R = 0.21). In summary, our data suggest that, smoking is associated with Pb and Cd concentrations, and gender, age change depending on Pb concentration in erythrocytes of RTRs. Additionally, this is the first research that suggests that immunosuppressive regimen, depending on type of immunosuppressive drugs combination affects Pb concentration in erythrocytes of RTRs. It seems to be crucial information for patients who use immunosuppressive drugs.

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Serum Selenium, Iron, Zinc, and Copper Concentrations in Renal Transplant Recipients Treated with Mycophenolate Mofetil

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

First Trimester Microelements and Their Relationships with Pregnancy Outcomes and Complications

Macroelement and Microelement Levels in the Urine in Experimental Acanthamoebiasis

Analysis of Cadmium, Mercury, and Lead Concentrations in Erythrocytes of Renal Transplant Recipients from Northwestern Poland

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