Serum Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase 5b Is a Specific and Sensitive Marker of Bone Resorption

Halleen, Jussi M.; Alatalo, Sari L.; Janckila, Anthony J.; Woitge, Henning W.; Seibel, Markus J.; Väänänen, H. Kalervo

doi:10.1093/clinchem/47.3.597

Cited by 180 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…proteins participate in bone tissue dynamics and homeostasis. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), an isoenzyme of acid phosphatase that is found mainly in the bone tissue and some blood cells, also has an important role in resorptive processes by acting as a marker of the enzyme that demonstrates the osteoclastic activity (16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of low-level laser therapy on the healing process after tooth replantation: a histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analysis

Saito

Gulinelli

Panzarini

et al. 2011

Dental Traumatology

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Success of tooth replantation is limited because part of the replanted tooth is lost because of progressive root resorption. This study used histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the healing process of rat teeth replanted after different extra-oral periods, simulating immediate and delayed replantation. Sixty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) had their maxillary right incisors extracted and randomly assigned to six groups (n = 10): C4, C30 and C45, in which the teeth were replanted 4 min (immediate), 30 min (delayed) and 45 min (delayed) after extraction, respectively, and L4, L30 and L45, in which the teeth were replanted after the same extra-alveolar times, but the root surfaces and the alveolar wounds were irradiated with a gallium-aluminum-arsenate (GaAlAs) diode laser before replantation. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days. The anatomic pieces containing the replanted teeth were obtained and processed for either histomorphometrical analysis under optical microscopy or immunohistochemical expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa-B (RANK), and its ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) proteins. Areas of external replacement and inflammatory root resorption were observed in all groups, without statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Ankylosis was more frequent in L30 than in C30 (P < 0.05). RANKL immunostaining predominated over RANK and OPG immunostaining in both groups with immediate tooth replantation (P < 0.05). For the 45-min extra-alveolar time, however, there was greater evidence of RANK immunostaining compared to RANKL for both control and laser-treated groups (P < 0.05). Positive TRAP immunostaining predominated in L4 and L30 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, under the tested conditions, the treatment of the root surface and the alveolar wound with LLLT did not improve the healing process after immediate and delayed tooth replantation in rats.

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confidence: 99%

Effect of low-level laser therapy on the healing process after tooth replantation: a histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analysis

Saito

Gulinelli

Panzarini

et al. 2011

Dental Traumatology

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“…ACP5 is found intracellularly as a soluble lysosomal protein, where it has been proposed to act as a mannose-6-phosphate phosphatase [197,198]. ACP5 is also associated with the osteoclast extracellular matrix, and it is found as a secreted form in the serum, where it is considered to be a biochemical marker of bone resorption and a surrogate marker of bone metastatasis [199][200][201][202]. ACP5 knockout mice show altered endochondral ossification and mild osteopetrosis, in line with a function for ACP5 in osteoclastic bone turnover.…”

Section: Other Potential Ptpome Membersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extended human PTPome: a growing tyrosine phosphatase family

2015

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Tyr phosphatases are, by definition, enzymes that dephosphorylate phospho‐Tyr (pTyr) from proteins. This activity is found in several structurally diverse protein families, including the protein Tyr phosphatase (PTP), arsenate reductase, rhodanese, haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) and His phosphatase (HP) families. Most of these families include members with substrate specificity for non‐pTyr substrates, such as phospho‐Ser/phospho‐Thr, phosphoinositides, phosphorylated carbohydrates, mRNAs, or inorganic moieties. A Cys is essential for catalysis in PTPs, rhodanese and arsenate reductase enzymes, whereas this work is performed by an Asp in HAD phosphatases and by a His in HPs, via a catalytic mechanism shared by all of the different families. The category that contains most Tyr phosphatases is the PTP family, which, although it received its name from this activity, includes Ser, Thr, inositide, carbohydrate and RNA phosphatases, as well as some inactive pseudophosphatase proteins. Here, we propose an extended collection of human Tyr phosphatases, which we call the extended human PTPome. The addition of new members (SACs, paladin, INPP4s, TMEM55s, SSU72, and acid phosphatases) to the currently categorized PTP group of enzymes means that the extended human PTPome contains up to 125 proteins, of which ~ 40 are selective for pTyr. We set criteria to ascribe proteins to the extended PTPome, and summarize the more important features of the new PTPome members in the context of their phosphatase activity and their relationship with human disease.

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“…7 Halleen et al were the first to purify TRAP-5b from human osteoclasts, and also detected specific osteoclast-derived TRAP-5b activity from human serum. 70,71 Serum TRAP-5b has two important advantages over other bone turnover markers. First, all other known serum bone turnover markers accumulate in the circulation under conditions of renal and hepatic failure, potentially leading to false-positive results, whereas TRAP-5b is unaffected by these problems.…”

Section: Trap-5bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…72 Second , serum TRAP-5b activity shows less diurnal variability than other serum bone turnover markers, probably because the half-life of other markers is shorter. 70 This makes TRAP-5b less sensitive to rapid fluctuations in bone resorption rate. The efficacy of TRAP-5b for cases of PCa with bone metastasis has also been reported , with levels of this marker significantly elevated in PCa patients with bone metastases compared with those without bone metastases.…”

Section: Trap-5bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical usefulness of bone markers in prostate cancer with bone metastasis

et al. 2012

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Bone metastases occur in approximately 70% of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Skeletal‐related events have been correlated with reduced survival and quality of life of patients with prostate cancer. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism (e.g. bone formation, bone resorption, osteoclastogenesis) might meet an unmet need for useful, non‐invasive and sensitive surrogate information for following patients' skeletal health. Recently, zoledronic acid and denosumab have been proven to have the potential for preventing skeletal‐related events among prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying bone metastasis has also led to the recognition of multiple molecular targets and advances in therapy. However, estimating the efficacy of these agents is difficult. A clinical trial for castration‐resistant prostate cancer is currently underway based on the definition of The Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group, and bone turnover markers are being used as conventional end‐points for the clinical trial. Bone turnover markers are useful surrogate markers reflecting the effect of new therapeutic drugs and prognosis, as well as assessment of bone metastases. In particular, N‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen and bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase are widely used bone metabolism markers, and offer reliable surrogate markers to detect bone metastatic spread and to predict prognosis for prostate cancer patients with bone metastases.

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Serum Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase 5b Is a Specific and Sensitive Marker of Bone Resorption

Cited by 180 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of low-level laser therapy on the healing process after tooth replantation: a histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analysis

Effect of low-level laser therapy on the healing process after tooth replantation: a histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analysis

The extended human PTPome: a growing tyrosine phosphatase family

Clinical usefulness of bone markers in prostate cancer with bone metastasis

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