Serum Testosterone and Estradiol in Sudden Infant Death

Emery, Michael J.; Krous, Henry F.; Nadeau-Manning, Julie M.; Marck, Brett T.; Matsumoto, Alvin M.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.05.011

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) for male versus female by GA category from a multivariate model in (a) plus interaction term between sex and categorized GA (hazard ratio is for male, with female as the reference). The fact that testosterone levels in sudden infant death syndrome victims are higher than those of control subjects is consistent with this hypothesis (Emery, Krous, Nadeau-Manning, Marck, & Matsumoto, 2005). For instance, the incidence of sleepdisordered breathing is greater in men than women (Peppard et al, 2013), the prevalence of asthma is greater in obese boys than girls (Chen, Dong, Lin, & Lee, 2013), and in newborns, as noted in the Introduction, males are more vulnerable to hypoxaemic/ischaemic injuries or sudden infant death syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The inset histograms show the percentage of males and females with discontinued caffeine treatment in the total study population secretion, which compromises development of the male respiratory network such that male pups are predisposed to prolonged and more severe apnoeas (Baldy, Chamberland, Fournier, & Kinkead, 2018;Fournier et al, 2013;Rousseau et al, 2017). The fact that testosterone levels in sudden infant death syndrome victims are higher than those of control subjects is consistent with this hypothesis (Emery, Krous, Nadeau-Manning, Marck, & Matsumoto, 2005). In addition, pharmacological investigations revealed that subjecting male rat pups to chronic caffeine treatment during early life (postnatal day 3-12) potentiates the inhibitory action of GABA on basal respiratory activity (Uppari, Joseph, & Bairam, 2016); an observation that was less evident in female rats .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex‐based differences in apnoea of prematurity: A retrospective cohort study

Bairam

Laflamme

Drolet

et al. 2018

Experimental Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This retrospective cohort study assessed whether sex influences the occurrence of apnoea of prematurity (AOP) in preterm infants. The analysis included a cohort of 24,387 preterm infants born between the gestational ages (GA) of 24 and 33 weeks that were admitted to tertiary neonatal care units participating in the Canadian Neonatal Network from January 2011 to December 2015. Of those, 13,983 (57%) were diagnosed with AOP. More females were diagnosed with AOP than males, but the difference in the male/female ratio was marginal (P = 0.058). The majority (89%) of infants diagnosed with AOP received caffeine (89% of males; 89% of females). By using the discontinuation of caffeine therapy as a proxy for the resolution of significant AOP, data analysis showed that females born before 33 weeks of GA stopped caffeine treatment earlier than males whether the caffeine was discontinued before 34 or 37 weeks of GA. Consequently, females had fewer days of caffeine therapy than males, especially infants born between 26 and 27 weeks (P < 0.004), 28 and 29 weeks (P < 0.03), and 32 and 33 weeks of GA (P < 0.04). Similar trends were observed when the corrected GA at discontinuation of caffeine was used. Given that AOP is indicative of an immature respiratory system, our data suggest that the maturation of the respiratory system might occur more rapidly in females than males. We conclude that sex needs to be considered in future studies on AOP.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Sex‐based differences in apnoea of prematurity: A retrospective cohort study

Bairam

Laflamme

Drolet

et al. 2018

Experimental Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of interest is the mounting evidence for sexually dimorphic features in the brainstem 5-HT system (139), given ( a ) that SIDS occurs twice as often in males compared to females (140), ( b ) our report of a greater reduction of 5-HT 1A binding in the medullary raphé in males compared to females dying of SIDS (75), and ( c ) the report that plasma levels of testosterone, but not estradiol, are significantly higher in both male and female SIDS infants compared to age-matched control infants (141). In this regard, a substantial ablation (approximately 60%) of medullary raphé neurons with a selective toxin for 5-HT decreases the CO 2 responses in NREM sleep in males only (142).…”

Section: The Function Of the Medullary 5-ht System And Its Relationshmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Brainstem and Serotonin in the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Kinney

Richerson²,

Dymecki

et al. 2009

Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.

273

242

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden death of an infant under one year of age that is typically associated with sleep and that remains unexplained after a complete autopsy and death scene investigation. A leading hypothesis about its pathogenesis is that many cases result from defects in brainstem-mediated protective responses to homeostatic stressors occurring during sleep in a critical developmental period. Here we review the evidence for the brainstem hypothesis in SIDS with a focus upon abnormalities related to the neurotransmitter serotonin in the medulla oblongata, as these are the most robust pathologic findings to date. In this context, we synthesize the human autopsy data with genetic, whole-animal, and cellular data concerning the function and development of the medullary serotonergic system. These emerging data suggest an important underlying mechanism in SIDS that may help lead to identification of infants at risk and specific interventions to prevent death.

show abstract

“…Testosterone and estrogen also influence the 5-HT system and its control of respiration (Matsumoto et al 1985; Pickett et al 1989; Bayliss et al 1990; Regensteiner et al 1990; Bayliss et al 1992; Emery et al 1994; Fogel et al 2001; Liu et al 2003; Zhou et al 2003). Elevated levels of serum testosterone have been observed in both male and female SIDS infants compared to controls, with the highest level of testosterone observed in male SIDS infants (Emery et al 2005). The cause(s) of elevated serum testosterone in SIDS is unknown, although prenatal exposure to nicotine increases fetal plasma testosterone in rats via inhibition of cytochrome p450 aromatase, the enzyme which converts testosterone to estradiol (Lephart et al 2001; Stoffel-Wagner 2001).…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In 5-ht Function May Predispose Male Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medullary serotonin defects and respiratory dysfunction in sudden infant death syndrome

Paterson

Hilaire

Weese‐Mayer

2009

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is defined as the sudden and unexpected death of an infant less than 12 months of age that occurs during sleep and remains unexplained after a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, and review of the clinical history. It is the leading cause of postneonatal mortality in the developed world. The cause of SIDS is unknown, but is postulated to involve impairment of brainstem-mediated homeostatic control. Extensive evidence from animal studies indicates that serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the medulla oblongata play a role in the regulation of multiple aspects of respiratory and autonomic function. A subset of SIDS infants have several abnormalities in medullary markers of 5-HT function and genetic polymorphisms impacting the 5-HT system, informing the hypothesis that SIDS results from a defect in 5-HT brainstem-mediated control of respiratory (and autonomic) regulation. Here we review the evidence from postmortem human studies and animal studies to support this hypothesis and discuss how the pathogenesis of SIDS is likely to originate in utero during fetal development.

show abstract

Serum Testosterone and Estradiol in Sudden Infant Death

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Sex‐based differences in apnoea of prematurity: A retrospective cohort study

Sex‐based differences in apnoea of prematurity: A retrospective cohort study

The Brainstem and Serotonin in the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Medullary serotonin defects and respiratory dysfunction in sudden infant death syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About