Serum Transaminase in Liver Disease

Molander, David W.; Sheppard, Erwin; Payne, Mary Ann

doi:10.1001/jama.1957.02970510027006

Cited by 58 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, administration of antioxidants reduced the side effects causing the hepatocellular damage by cisplatin administration. This could be substantiated with the observation of Molander et al [58], who have also reported that the serum levels of the transaminases return to normal as the liver parenchyma heals and the liver cells regenerates. Silibinin is the most biologically active component with regard to antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties [59].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Evaluation of Nephroprotective and Immunomodulatory Activities of Antioxidants in Combination with Cisplatin against Murine Visceral Leishmaniasis

2012

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BackgroundMost available drugs against visceral leishmaniasis are toxic, and growing limitations in available chemotherapeutic strategies due to emerging resistant strains and lack of an effective vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis deepens the crisis. Antineoplastic drugs like miltefosine have in the past been effective against the parasitic infections. An antineoplastic drug, cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II; CDDP), is recognized as a DNA-damaging drug which also induces alteration of cell-cycle in both promastigotes and amastigotes leading to cell death. First in vivo reports from our laboratory revealed the leishmanicidal potential of cisplatin. However, high doses of cisplatin produce impairment of kidney, which can be reduced by the administration of antioxidants.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe present study was designed to evaluate the antileishmanial effect of cisplatin at higher doses (5 mg and 2.5 mg/kg body weight) and its combination with different antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E and silibinin) so as to eliminate the parasite completely and reduce the toxicity. In addition, various immunological, hematological and biochemical changes induced by it in uninfected and Leishmania donovani infected BALB/c mice were investigated.Conclusion/SignificanceA significant reduction in parasite load, higher IgG2a and lower IgG1 levels, enhanced DTH responses, and greater concentration of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2) with a concomitant down regulation of IL-10 and IL-4 pointed towards the generation of the protective Th1 type of immune response. A combination of cisplatin with antioxidants resulted in successful reduction of nephrotoxicity by normalizing the enzymatic levels of various liver and kidney function tests. Reduction in parasite load, increase in Th1 type of immune responses, and normalization of various biochemical parameters occurred in animals treated with cisplatin in combination with various antioxidants as compared to those treated with the drug only. The above results are promising as antioxidants reduced the potential toxicity of high doses of cisplatin, making the combination a potential anti-leishmanial therapy, especially in resistant cases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Evaluation of Nephroprotective and Immunomodulatory Activities of Antioxidants in Combination with Cisplatin against Murine Visceral Leishmaniasis

2012

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“…The decrease of aspartate aminotransferase activity, in agreement with the findings of Alibert et al [2] and in contrast with those of Molander et al [20], might be due to an inhibited synthesis of the enzyme rather than to a release from subcellular particles. As for this, it must be pointed out the higher increase of permeability of subcellular particles in carbon tetrachlo ride fatty change [26], while the inhibition of protein synthesis is a more peculiar feature of fatty change induced by ethionine [12,13,41,44,45].…”

Section: Aspartate and Alanine Aminotransferasessupporting

confidence: 92%

Rat Liver Isozymes in Acute Carbon Tetrachloride and Ethionine Poisoning

Pp¹

1975

Enzyme

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Changes in protein elution patterns and among others in the distribution profiles of some isozymes, as the lysosomal acid phosphatase, the microsomal alkaline phosphatase, the cytoplasmic fraction of aspartate aminotransferase and some fractions of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, have been found in liver experimental fatty change induced in rats by carbon tetrachloride and ethionine. The possible meaning of these changes is discussed.

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“…Elevated AST, ALT and ALP activities in fish fed 30% M. oleifera leaf meal diet and above are suggestive of hepatic cellular damage leading to their leakage into circulation [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Performance, Haematological Indices and Some Biochemical Enzymes of Juveniles Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Fed Varying Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal Diet

Ozovehe¹

2012

J Aquac Res Development

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The study examined the utilization, hematological and biochemical enzymes of Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed varying levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal diets for a period of 8 weeks. Moringa oleifera leaf meal substituted fish meal at 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% in the six different diets. Clarias gariepinus juveniles (mean weight 29.69 ± 0.91 g) were randomly distributed into 18 concrete tanks at 10 fish/tank in triplicate treatments and were fed twice daily at 8.00 hrs-9.00 hrs and 17.00 hrs-18.00 hrs for 8 weeks. The mean weight gained (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) were calculated. The results obtained in the experiment showed that fishes fed with the control diet did not show statistical significant (p>0.05) difference from fishes fed with 10% and 20% M. oleifera leaf meal diet in mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The haematological parameters results showed that the mean values of packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) were 27.17 ± 1.94%, 2.33 ± 0.38×10 6 mm -3and 8.06 ± 0.54 g/100 ml respectively in the fishes in the experiment. These parameters decreased as M. oleifera leaf meal increased in the diet. The serum enzymes: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), in the fishes fed with diet containing 0%, 10% and 20% M. oleifera leaf meal were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The present study showed that M. oleifera leaf meal has good potential for use as fish meal substitute in C. gariepinus diet up to 10% level without compromising growth. The toxicological investigation indicated that at above 20% M. oleifera leaf meal in the diet, the serum enzymes increased suggesting cellular damage.

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Serum Transaminase in Liver Disease

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Nephroprotective and Immunomodulatory Activities of Antioxidants in Combination with Cisplatin against Murine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Evaluation of Nephroprotective and Immunomodulatory Activities of Antioxidants in Combination with Cisplatin against Murine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Rat Liver Isozymes in Acute Carbon Tetrachloride and Ethionine Poisoning

Growth Performance, Haematological Indices and Some Biochemical Enzymes of Juveniles Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Fed Varying Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal Diet

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