Serum, urinary and fecal phosphate changes in athletes during periodic and continuous restriction of muscular activity

Zorbas, Yan G.; Charapakhin, Kirill P.; Afonin, Viktor B.; Yarullin, Vladimir L.; Kakurin, Vassily J.; Denogradov, Sergei D.

doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(00)00139-1

Cited by 7 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…With physical activity, the greater Mg 2+ deficiency in the PHKS than in the CHKS group shows that the more often the steady state changes, the less likely is it to normalize Mg 2+ deficiency. [3][4][5][6][7] This resembles positive feedback, i.e., the more active hypokinetic subjects have the greater Mg 2+ deficiency. The mechanism by which, with physical exercise, Mg 2+ deficiency increases more in the PHKS group than in the CHKS group is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The PHKS group shows lower electrolyte deposition than the CHKS group because greater electrolyte deficiency, lower electrolyte deposition and higher serum electrolyte level and electrolyte loss followed. [3][4][5][6][7] Because the PHKS group, with greater Mg 2+ deficiency, shows lower Mg 2+ deposition and higher serum Mg 2+ level and Mg 2+ loss than the CHKS group, this indicates that serum Mg 2+ level and Mg 2+ loss increase more with higher than lower Mg 2+ deficiency. Thus, the PHKS group reacted with greater Mg 2+ deficiency, and lower Mg 2+ deposition and higher serum Mg 2+ level and Mg 2+ loss than the CHKS group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some research had shown greater electrolyte deficiency, lower electrolyte deposition, higher serum electrolyte concentration and higher electrolyte loss in the PHKS than in the CHKS group. [3][4][5][6][7] The most striking abnormality found among PHKS and CHKS groups is the lack of correlation between Mg 2+ homeostasis and muscular activity. If physical exercise had played any part in Mg 2+ homeostasis, the PHKS group ,who was exercised vigorously for at least two days per week, would have shown better Mg 2+ homeostasis than the CHKS group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the many types of HK, periodic hypokinesia (PHK) and continuous hypokinesia (CHK) have been of the greatest interest because of their effect on electrolyte deposition. [3][4][5][6][7] This is largely because HK has …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies on electrolyte homeostasis have been performed under conditions which did not include hypokinesia while the electrolyte metabolism during PHK has been studied very little. [3][4][5][6][7] There are no reports on the effect of the present work-rest cycle on magnesium (Mg 2+ ) homeostasis and few studies have been published [3][4][5][6][7] on the effect of PHK on electrolyte metabolism. Thus, to determine the potential of decreased Mg 2+ deposition and Mg 2+ loss with Mg 2+ deficiency, it is important to establish the effect of PHK and CHK on Mg 2+ homeostasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Magnesium loss in magnesium deficient subjects with and without physical exercise during prolonged hypokinesia

Tsiamis¹,

Kakuris²,

Deogenov³

et al. 2008

CIM

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Objective: To show the effect of hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement) on magnesium (Mg 2+ ) loss in Mg 2+ deficient subjects and the effect of physical exercise and on Mg 2+ deficiency with and without physical exercise: Mg 2+ balance, serum Mg 2+ concentration and Mg 2+ loss were measured. Methods: Studies were conducted on 30 healthy male volunteers during a pre-experimental period of 30 days and an experimental period of 364 days. They were divided equally into three-groups: unrestricted active control subjects (UACS), continuous hypokinetic subjects (CHKS) and periodic hypokinetic subjects (PHKS). The UACS group ran average distances of 9.3 ± 1.2 km.day-l ; the CHKS group walked average distances of 0.9 ± 0.2 km.day-l ; and the PHKS group walked and ran average distances of 0.9 ± 0.2 km and 9.3 ± 1.2 km.day-l for 5-and 2-days per week, respectively. Results: Mg 2+ deficiency, serum Mg 2+ level, fecal and urine Mg 2+ loss increased (P < 0.05), in the PHKS and CHKS groups compared with their pre-experimental values and the values in the UACS group. However, serum Mg 2+ concentration, urine and fecal Mg 2+ loss and Mg 2+ deficiency increased more (P < 0.05) in the PHKS group than in the CHKS group. Conclusions: Mg 2+ deficiency is more evident with than without physical exercise and Mg 2+ loss is exacerbated more with higher than lower Mg 2+ deficiency. This indicates that Mg 2+ deficiency with and without physical exercise and Mg 2+ loss with higher and lower Mg 2+ deficiency is due to inability of the body to use Mg 2+ and more so when physically healthy subjects are submitted to prolonged periodic than continuous hypokinesia. AbbreviationsDiminished movement (Hypokinesia) Hypokinesia (HK) Periodic hypokinesia (PHK) Continuous hypokinesia (CHK) Unrestricted active control subjects (UACS) Continuous hypokinetic subjects (CHKS) Periodic hypokinetic subjects (PHKS). Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) Hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement) is a factor of catabolism induction 1, 2 which results in reduction of energy production, blood volume and cell mass. Among the many types of HK, periodic hypokinesia (PHK) and continuous hypokinesia (CHK) have been of the greatest interest because of their effect on electrolyte deposition. [3][4][5][6][7] This is largely because HK has

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Magnesium loss in magnesium deficient subjects with and without physical exercise during prolonged hypokinesia

Tsiamis¹,

Kakuris²,

Deogenov³

et al. 2008

CIM

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Calcium absorption measurements in normal subjects in determining calcium deposition during prolonged hypokinesia and with and without calcium loading

Zorbas¹,

Kakurin²,

Kuznetsov³

et al. 2004

Int Urol Nephrol

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Measuring calcium (Ca) absorption, Ca balance and Ca level in serum,feces and urine during HK (hypokinesia) with and without Ca loading, the aim of this study was to disclose if prolonged HK could reduce Ca deposition more with or without Ca load contributing to greater Ca imbalance. Studies were conducted during 30-days pre-HK and 364-days HK. Forty male normal volunteers 23.7+/-6.0 years of age were chosen as subjects. They were divided into four groups: unloaded active control subjects (UACS), unloaded hypokinetic subjects (UHKS), loaded active control subjects (LACS), loaded hypokinetic subjects (LHKS). All hypokinetic subjects were walking average distances of 0.5+/-0.2 km day(-1), and active control subjects were running average distances of 6.6+/-1.2 km day(-1). LACS and LHKS were loaded with 1.3 mmol calcium lactate/kg body wt. Before Ca load, fecal Ca loss, urinary Ca and phosphate (P) losses, Ca imbalance, serum ionized calcium (CaI), P and total Ca (Ca(t)) levels increased significantly. (P < 0.05) with time, and serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), 1.25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1.25(OH)2D3) levels and Ca absorption, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with time in LHKS and UHKS compared with their pre-HK values and their respective active controls (LACS and UACS). After Ca load, however, Ca absorption, serum iPTH and 1.25 (OH)2D3 levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05) more with time, while fecal Ca loss, urinary Ca and P excretion and Ca imbalance increased significantly (P < 0.05) more with time in LHKS than UHKS. Conversely, before and after Ca load, fecal Ca excretion, urinary P and Ca loss, serum CaI, P, Ca, iPTH and 1.25 (OH)2D3 levels, Ca absorption and Ca balance did not change in LACS and UACS compared with their pre-HK values. The greater Ca losses with than without Ca load have shown that the more Ca is consumed the more Ca is eliminated during HK and Ca imbalance. The significant increase of Ca loss with Ca imbalance demonstrated reduced Ca deposition. Dissociation between Ca loss and Ca imbalance demonstrated reduced Ca deposition as the mechanism of Ca imbalance development during HK.

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Phosphate homeotasis in healthy subjects during prolonged periodic and continuous hypokinesia

Zorbas¹,

Kakuris²,

Deogenov³

et al. 2007

Clinical Biochemistry

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Serum, urinary and fecal phosphate changes in athletes during periodic and continuous restriction of muscular activity

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Magnesium loss in magnesium deficient subjects with and without physical exercise during prolonged hypokinesia

Magnesium loss in magnesium deficient subjects with and without physical exercise during prolonged hypokinesia

Calcium absorption measurements in normal subjects in determining calcium deposition during prolonged hypokinesia and with and without calcium loading

Phosphate homeotasis in healthy subjects during prolonged periodic and continuous hypokinesia

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