Serum vitamin E decreases in HIV-seropositive subjects over time

Pacht, Eric R.; Diaz, Phil; Clanton, Thomas O.; Hart, Judy; Gadek, James E.

doi:10.1016/s0022-2143(97)90024-x

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Decreasing vitamin E levels over time were associated with significant declines in CD4þ cell counts and increased progression to AIDS [39]. Likewise, low vitamin B 12 levels were found to be associated with more rapid disease progression as defined by time to first AIDS diagnosis or CD4þ cell decline to < 200 Â 10 6 cells/l [40].…”

Section: Micronutrients and Hiv Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Micronutrients: current issues for HIV care providers

Tang

Lanzillotti

Hendricks

et al. 2005

Aids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Micronutrients and Hiv Disease Progressionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Micronutrients: current issues for HIV care providers

Tang

Lanzillotti

Hendricks

et al. 2005

Aids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found to decrease in erythrocyte membranes of AIDS patients, and a correlation was found with both elevated malondialdehyde concentration (the endproduct of lipid peroxidation) and a CD4 count of < 50 cells/mm 3 (Constans et al 1995). Reduced concentrations of antioxidants such as Se, vitamin A (Sappey et al 1994;Constans et al 1995), glutathione (Jahoor et al 1999) and vitamin E (Pacht et al 1997) have also been found in plasma of HIV-infected patients compared with healthy controls.…”

Section: Hiv Infection and Metabolic Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

The paradox of improved antiretroviral therapy in HIV: potential for nutritional modulation?

Ware

Wootton

Morlese³

et al. 2002

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic infection with HIV type 1 is associated with alterations in macronutrient metabolism, specifically elevated plasma lipids, glucose and reduced insulin sensitivity. These alterations are most severe in patients at the later stages of AIDS, indicating a relationship with disease progression. Recently, a metabolic syndrome, termed lipodystrophy, has been described in successfully-treated HIV patients in whom the altered macronutrient metabolism of HIV infection appears to be amplified markedly, with concurrent alterations in adipose tissue patterning. This syndrome presents a paradox, as before the development of highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) the most severe perturbations in metabolism were observed in the sickest patients. Now, the patients that respond well to therapy are showing metabolic perturbations much greater than those seen before. The implications of this syndrome are that, whilst life expectancy may be increased by reducing viral load, there are concomitant increases in the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and pancreatitis within this patient population. The aetiology of the syndrome remains unclear. In a collaborative trial with the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital in London we have used stable-isotope-labelled fatty acids to examine the hypothesis that treatment with HAART causes a delayed clearance of dietary lipid from the circulation, resulting in the retention of lipid within plasma and the downstream changes in insulin and glucose homeostasis. This hypothesis would indicate a role for low-fat diets, exercise and drugs that reduce plasma lipid or insulin resistance, in modulating the response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection.

show abstract

“…Vitamin E is a family of eight isomers; α-tocopherol is the only form that is actively maintained in the human body and found in the largest quantities in the blood and tissues, specifically in cell membranes. Vitamin E deficiencies and OS have been associated with HIV-seropositive patients [59,60]. A study of 296 HIV-infected men showed a decrease in the risk of progression of AIDS by doubling their vitamin E intake [61].…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidants and Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS

Agarwal¹

2011

TORSJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has predominantly been considered the main cause in the progression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, many researchers believe that there are co-factors involved along the way that may play a critical role in its development. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been established to be present at the onset of infection. Additionally, the delayed response by the immune system upon infection may be due to an initial depletion of antioxidants, which play a critical role in scavenging excess ROS to maintain normal physiological conditions. This pro-oxidant/antioxidant imbalance results in a condition known as oxidative stress (OS). OS has been reported to be an integral element in the progression of many diseases, including AIDS. Therefore, it is presumed that antioxidant treatment may provide a promising and cost-effective therapeutic approach in treating HIV-infected individuals on a global scale.Although HIV infection presents one of the most arduous complications to humans worldwide, awareness of its origin, adverse effects, and potential treatment remain confined to a limited population. The aim of this article is to inform the reader of how AIDS developed into a global epidemic so rapidly, while emphasizing the relationship between oxidants and antioxidants in the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS. A basic review of reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions is provided to understand how such simple introductory concepts can have such profound effects on the body. This serves as an essential building block to the topics that follow: ROS, antioxidants, and OS in HIV disease. Moreover, it allows for us to better define and elucidate OS as an often-overlooked link between HIV-infection and the progression of AIDS, as well as potential antioxidant treatment.

show abstract

Serum vitamin E decreases in HIV-seropositive subjects over time

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Micronutrients: current issues for HIV care providers

Micronutrients: current issues for HIV care providers

The paradox of improved antiretroviral therapy in HIV: potential for nutritional modulation?

Oxidants and Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About