Service intensity and client improvement at a predominantly black community mental health center

Snowden, Lonnie R.; Clancy, Tom

doi:10.1016/0149-7189(90)90051-w

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We found that indicators of these service characteristics at the program level were associated with different patterns of change in client functional outcomes. Concerning intensity, two previous studies found that the amount of contact was related to improvements in global outcome (Sands & Canaan, 1994;Snowden & Clancey, 1990), but the findings on reduced hospitalization have been contradictory (Dietzen & Bond, 1993). In the present study, we found that, over a 3-year period, the two intense programs had higher rates of improvement on social functioning, independent living, as well as time spent in institutional settings than the low-intensity program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the quantity of services, three studies using samples of individuals with persistent and severe mental illness are relevant. Snowden and Clancey (1990) found that clients who received more units of service at a community clinic showed higher levels of global functioning on the Global Assessment Scale (GAS). Sands and Canaan (1994) compared two ACT programs and found that the program with higher rates of client contact over 12 months had higher global outcome on the GAS, but that there were no differences in hospitalization outcomes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The impact of service characteristics on functional outcomes from community support programs for persons with schizophrenia: A growth curve analysis.

Brekke¹,

Long²,

Nesbitt³

et al. 1997

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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A total of 172 individuals diagnosed with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were followed for 36 months in 3 distinct models of community-based care. Functional outcome data gathered every 6 months were combined with service implementation data to test hypotheses concerning the impact of service characteristics on prospective client outcomes. The results using hierarchical linear modeling supported associations between the intensity, specificity, and longitudinality of services and improved client outcomes. Specifically, more intense services were associated with higher levels or rates of improvement on all indices of clinical and psychosocial functioning. The specificity results suggested that services needed to be targeted to specific areas of functioning in order for improvement to occur. The effect of longitudinality was contingent on the outcome domain examined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of service characteristics on functional outcomes from community support programs for persons with schizophrenia: A growth curve analysis.

Brekke¹,

Long²,

Nesbitt³

et al. 1997

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…One question, for example, is whether minority group members are more likely to use and be comfortable with culturally specific mental health centers" (p. 24). Researchers are only now beginning to examine the effects of ethnic-specific centers (e.g., Snowden & Clancy, 1990;Snowden, Ulvang, & Rezentes, 1989). The present study constituted the first empirical test of one of the critical issues often posed about parallel services: Can ethnic-specific services reduce or eliminate service inequities (e.g., differential premature termination rates) for ethnic minorities while at the same time not creating any for White clients?…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic-specific mental health services: Evaluation of the parallel approach for Asian-American clients

Zane

Hatanaka

Park

et al. 1994

J. Community Psychol.

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Little research has addressed whether ethnic‐specific, parallel services would eliminate outcome inequities for ethnic minorities while at the same time not creating any for White clients. This study examined parallel services for Asian‐American outpatients with respect to client characteristics, types of services utilized, and service effectiveness. The oft‐mentioned heterogeneity of the Asian‐American clientele was affirmed. Numerous Asian–White and inter‐Asian differences were found in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. There was little evidence of differential care provided to Whites and Asians as reflected in the types of services received. With respect to service effectiveness, few significant ethnic group differences were found in premature termination, early termination, treatment duration, or clinical outcome. These results were found even when the effects of certain demographic and clinical variables (that have tended to covary with ethnicity) were controlled. The notable exception involved Southeast Asian clients who were more likely to terminate early in treatment compared with other Asian groups and received significantly less individual therapy, the most intensive and expensive type of treatment, than White clients. The findings strongly suggest that for most Asian‐American groups equitable care and service effectiveness can be achieved through the use of ethnic‐specific services. However, even within the parallel configuration, further service modifications and innovations may be needed to better address the mental health needs of Southeast Asian refugee communities.

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“…Among children and youth, ethnic focused programs are beneficial both for utilization rates and outcomes (Yeh, Takeuchi, & Sue, 1994). Snowden and Clancy (1990) found an association between the intensity of service provision to clients and client improvement after controlling for an array of socio-demographic and clinical factors. Interpersonal Relationship.…”

Section: Relationship Of Achieving Styles To Clinical Process and Outmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cultural Competency and Achieving Styles in Clinical Social Work

Lum

Chen

2001

Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work

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This paper attempts to build a cultural competency framework by reviewing the literature and laying a conceptual foundation for professional standards in clinical social work. It also explores the implications of cultural competency by relating some important factors to clinical decisions, alliance, and outcome in the mental health field. The pathways and directions of the relationships as well as the potential factors affecting cross-cultural clinical alliance are illuminated in a general model to guide hypothesis formulation in further research. Empirical data are presented on clinical social work practice with Asian American clients in light of a key factor in shaping cultural competency, i.e., clinicians' personal achieving styles. The findings suggest that such styles are culturally bound.

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Service intensity and client improvement at a predominantly black community mental health center

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

The impact of service characteristics on functional outcomes from community support programs for persons with schizophrenia: A growth curve analysis.

The impact of service characteristics on functional outcomes from community support programs for persons with schizophrenia: A growth curve analysis.

Ethnic-specific mental health services: Evaluation of the parallel approach for Asian-American clients

Cultural Competency and Achieving Styles in Clinical Social Work

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