Serving Our Homeless Veterans: Patient Perpetrated Violence as a Barrier to Health Care Access

Semeah, Luz Mairena; Campbell, Colleen; Cowper, Diane C.; Peet, Amanda C.

doi:10.20899/jpna.3.2.223-234

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A total of 21 studies 2,3,6,7,9,11,13,15–23,30–34 were included for meta‐analysis. Twelve (57%) were conducted with US HHWs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parsing its prevalence rate into separate rates of physical violence and threat (ie, nonphysical violence in our review) was not feasible, and we needed to categorize it as physical violence. Five terms, sexual harassment, 6,7,9,11,19,31,32,34 sexual abuse, 9,16,17,19,22,23 sexual aggression, 32 sexual violence, 9,11 and sexual assault, 9,33,34 were used in the included studies to capture sexual violence. Although the first two tend to describe nonphysical, and the latter two physical sexual violence, this distinction was not always clear, and we categorized them into either category using our discretion based on the information in the article.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unknown why the rates are higher among professionals than paraprofessionals. The home visits made by professional HHWs (eg, physicians, nurses, physical therapists, social workers, etc) are on an intermittent basis (eg, 30-60 minutes visit once a week) or as needed, short-term (eg, for 1-2 months), and to provide skilled services such as treatment (eg, acute medical visit by physicians, administration of intravenous therapy by nurses, gait training by physical therapists), teaching (eg, teaching on selfinjection of insulin by nurses), and assessments (eg, fall risk 6,7,9,11,19,31,32,34 sexual abuse, 9,16,17,19,22,23 sexual aggression, 32 sexual violence, 9,11 and sexual assault, 9,33,34 were used in the included studies to capture sexual violence. Although the first two tend to describe nonphysical, and the latter two physical sexual violence, this distinction was not always clear, and we categorized them into either category using our discretion based on the information in the article.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The periods for prevalence rates in three studies were less than 12 months 15,16 or most recent, 17 but we considered them as 12 months. This may have led to an underestimation of pooled prevalence rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the prevalence rate was reported as less than 1%, 16 it was considered as 1% for meta‐analysis purpose. Periods that were reported as less than 12 months 15,16 and most recent 17 were considered as 12 months. Seven studies 6,18–23 did not clearly report the specific period, and the period was regarded as over the career.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of type II workplace violence among home healthcare workers: A meta‐analysis

Byon

Lee

Choi

et al. 2020

American J Industrial Med

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Background Home healthcare workers (HHWs) provide medical and nonmedical services to home‐bound patients. They are at great risk of experiencing violence perpetrated by patients (type II violence). Establishing the reliable prevalence of such violence and identifying vulnerable subgroups are essential in enhancing HHWs’ safety. We, therefore, conducted meta‐analyses to synthesize the evidence for prevalence and identify vulnerable subgroups. Methods Five electronic databases were searched for journal articles published between 1 January 2005 and 20 March 2019. A total of 21 studies were identified for this study. Meta‐analyses of prevalence were conducted to obtain pooled estimates. Meta‐regression was performed to compare the prevalence between professionals and paraprofessionals. Results Prevalence estimates for HHWs were 0.223 for 12 months and 0.302 for over the career for combined violence types, 0.102 and 0.171, respectively, for physical violence, and 0.364 and 0.418, respectively, for nonphysical violence. The prevalence of nonphysical violence was higher than that of physical violence for professionals in 12 months (0.515 vs 0.135) and over the career (0.498 vs 0.224) and for paraprofessionals in 12 months (0.248 vs 0.086) and over the career (0.349 vs 0.113). Professionals reported significantly higher nonphysical violence for 12‐month prevalence than paraprofessionals did (0.515 vs 0.248, P = .015). Conclusion A considerable percentage of HHWs experience type II violence with higher prevalence among professionals. Further studies need to explore factors that can explain the differences in the prevalence between professionals and paraprofessionals. The findings provide support for the need for greater recognition of the violence hazard in the home healthcare workplace.

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“…A total of 21 studies 2,3,6,7,9,11,13,15–23,30–34 were included for meta‐analysis. Twelve (57%) were conducted with US HHWs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of type II workplace violence among home healthcare workers: A meta‐analysis

Byon

Lee

Choi

et al. 2020

American J Industrial Med

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Serving Rural Veterans with Disabilities: A National Survey of Centers for Independent Living

Hale–Gallardo

Kreider

et al. 2020

J Community Health

Self Cite

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This study comprises a systematic national examination of how Centers for Independent Living can and do support Veteran consumers, especially those living in rural communities. This research provides contextualized understanding of rural Veteran needs for community-based services and resources available through Centers for Independent Living. A survey was administered to the leadership of 383 Centers for Independent Living throughout the United States, the majority of which have rural catchment areas and serve rural Veterans through both main and satellite offices. Descriptive univariate analysis was used to describe responses. Study respondents represented a total of 39 states, with 20% of respondents reporting that their consumers were 100% rural and only 3% entirely urban. Services and supports from Centers for Independent Living provided to rural Veterans most frequently included housing, transportation, and peer support. Approximately half of all Centers for Independent Living reported tracking the status of their Veteran consumers.

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Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health Access Challenges Faced by Homeless African American Veterans

Crone

Metraux

Sbrocco

2021

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Veteran homelessness is a public health crisis, especially among the disproportionate number of minority veterans in the homeless veteran population. African American homeless veterans in particular face unique challenges accessing appropriate health care services to meet their medical needs. Their needs are often underrepresented in the literature on veteran homelessness. Drawing together over 80 studies and government reports from the last two decades, this review provides a timely synopsis of homeless veterans’ health care access, with a particular focus on the barriers faced by African American veterans. This review employs Penchansky and Thomas’ Access Model to frame health access barriers faced by homeless veterans, dialing in on what is known about the experience of African American veterans, within the five dimensions of access: Availability, Accessibility, Accommodation, Affordability, and Acceptability. Actionable guidance and targeted interventions to address health access barriers for all veterans are delineated with a focus on the need to gather further data for African American homeless veterans and to consider tailoring interventions for this important and underserved group.

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Serving Our Homeless Veterans: Patient Perpetrated Violence as a Barrier to Health Care Access

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Prevalence of type II workplace violence among home healthcare workers: A meta‐analysis

Prevalence of type II workplace violence among home healthcare workers: A meta‐analysis

Serving Rural Veterans with Disabilities: A National Survey of Centers for Independent Living

Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health Access Challenges Faced by Homeless African American Veterans

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