Sesame

Abstract

Sesame ( Sesamum indicum ) is one of the oldest crops in the world and is a valuable source of vegetable oil. It has one of the highest oil content (up to 60%) among oil crops and one of the most stable oils due to the presence of a number of antioxidants. A major part of the sesame production is found in developing countries with the largest areas in India, Myanmar, China, Sudan, Nigeria, and Uganda. In comparison with soybean, rapeseed, or sunflower, sesame is a minor oil crop in the world and one of the reasons is insufficient breeding. Crop development programs for sesame, either small or nonexistent, have only involved conventional breeding, and little progress has been made during the past years. Various diseases and insect pests cause considerable damage and reduce the yield. Indeterminate flowering and dehiscent capsules are also important factors limiting sesame production. A revitalization of sesame research using modern plant breeding technologies can greatly improve the crop. Over the past 10 years, genetic engineering has greatly influenced the development of most of the predominant crops in the world. A biotechnological approach could definitely play an important role in genetic amelioration of sesame.

Modeling Oil Content of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Using Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression Approaches

“…However, NCP is one of three important SY components (along with number of seeds per capsule and weight seed) in sesame; in most modeling studies, it has been identified as the most important trait for predicting SY (Chowdhury et al, ; Ganesh & Sakila, ; Goudappagoudra, Lokesha, & Ranganatha, ; Ibrahim & Khidir, ; Shim, Kang, Seong, Hwang, & Suh, ; Tripathy et al, ). Although the sesame plant has two growth characteristics, indeterminate and determinate, most varieties show an indeterminate growth habit, which is shown as a continuous production of new leaves, flowers, and capsules as long as the environment remains suitable for growth (Carlsson, Chanana, Gudu Suh, & Were, ). Therefore, it can be said that long indeterminate genotypes of sesame with a long period from flowering to maturity are the best in stable environmental conditions.…”

Genetic diversity using biochemical, physiological, karyological and molecular markers of Sesamum indicum L

“…All Sesamum species are self-pollination. The cross-compatibility was limited because of the difference in chromosome number between different Sesamum species (Carlsson et al, 2008;Kumari and Ganesamurthy, 2015). Morinaga et al (Morinaga et al, 1929) are the first who investigate the chromosome number of the cultivated Sesame as x = 8, 13, and 2n = 26.…”

Genetic diversity, chemical composition and oil characteristics of six sesame genotypes

“…Sesame chemical composition showed that the seed is a principal source of oil (44-58%), protein (18-25%), carbohydrate (13.5%) and ash (5%) (Uzun et al, 2002;Were et al, 2006;Elleuch et al, 2007). Environmental conditions and genetic diversity effect on the oil content, as well as fatty acid profile of sesame (Carlsson et al, 2009). Sesame oil contains almost equal levels of oleic (35 to 54%) and linoleic (39 to 59%), about 10% of palmitic acid and around 5% of stearic acid (Wacal et al, 2019).…”