Sesame Crop: An Underexploited Oilseed Holds Tremendous Potential for  Enhanced Food Value

Pathak, Niti; Kumar, Ashwani; Kumari, Ratna; Thapa, Adarshana; Bhat, K. V.

doi:10.4236/as.2014.56054

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Its seeds have one of the highest oil contents (~ 55%) among major oilseed crops [7]. Beyond the traditional use of direct consumption, sesame seeds have diverse applications [8]. The potentially beneficial effects of sesame on human health, because of the presence of natural antioxidants such as sesamin, sesamol and sesamolin, have recently prompted renewed interest in this ancient crop [9,10].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing sesame production in West Africa’s Sahel: a comprehensive insight into the cultivation of this untapped crop in Senegal and Mali

et al. 2017

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Background: West Africa's Sahel is characterized by a dry and hot climate with limited rainfall that impairs the production of several crops. Sesame is a resilient crop that is well suited to this environment. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data relative to the status of its production in West Africa. We made investigations in four major sesame-growing areas of Senegal and Mali, into the status of the crop's production, its agronomic practices, the challenges farmers face and their preferences concerning the traits that should be improved.Results: A total of 256 sesame producers in 47 villages were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The results showed that sesame is a multi-ethnic crop and only 20% of the total fields owned by farmers were allocated to its cultivation. The yield and the seasonal production of sesame per farmer was quite weak showing that this crop is still a commodity grown on a small scale. Various cultivars were grown, and the most widely grown ones have considerable levels of oil (53-60.34%) and protein (18-21.89%) contents. In both countries, seed marketing was the main impediment the producers faced on account of a lack of reliable markets and of a considerable fluctuation in prices. Conclusions:Overall, the sesame sector is still traditional but is progressively developing and sesame could become an important cash crop for smallholders in West Africa's Sahel. Research programs should target the release of the varieties with higher yield, a stronger resistance to drought, heat, diseases and pests, a good seed quality and improved plant architecture. This study represents the first insight into the sesame sector in West Africa's Sahel, and our findings may guide researchers and policy-makers to boost this sector for ensuring food security and the improvement of small-scale farmers' livelihood.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing sesame production in West Africa’s Sahel: a comprehensive insight into the cultivation of this untapped crop in Senegal and Mali

et al. 2017

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“…It has an edible seed and has high quality oil (Pathak et al, 2014). It is a diploid species with 2× = 2n = 26 chromosomes.…”

Section: Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L) Belongings Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation and cluster analysis of white seeded sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes oil yield in northern Ethiopia

Kindeya¹

2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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The experiment was carried out to access the inter relationship of genotypes in their oil yield with seed yield, oil content and other yield components and to determine cluster of white seeded sesame genotypes and environments based on their oil yield. Seventeen sesame genotypes were tested at six environments in northern Ethiopia during 2015 main season. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Designs (RCBD) with three replications across all the environments. Seed yield had a significant and positive correlation (P≤0.01) with number of branches (r = 0.414) and number of capsules (r =0.468). Positive correlation seed yield with number of capsules and number of capsules indicated that better yield can obtain from highly branched plants and high number of capsules because the number of capsules increases with the degree of branching. Seed yield was negative significant correlated with days to maturity (r =-0.500) and flowering time (r = -0.626), significant at (p≤0.05) and (p≤0.01), respectively. The negative association between seed yield and days to flowering and maturity indicated that moisture stress after flowering might have caused relatively a yield reduction in the late maturing genotypes. Whereas, the early flowering and early maturing genotypes can escape the moister stress conditions. Based on the cluster analysis of 17 white seeded sesame genotypes classified in to different four distinct clusters. Cluster II, III and IV had high mean yield, oil content and oil yield than the other clusters. Genotypes grouped in those clusters had also greater genetic divergence important for farther yield, oil yield and oil content improvement program breeding in northern Ethiopia. Sesame growing environments also clustered in to four groups. Environments grouped in Cluster I, II and IV had high seed yield, oil content and oil yield. Hence, environments grouped in those clusters are important for seed yield, oil content and oil yield production improvement program in the study areas.

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“…Despite its relative tolerance to drought stress, severe or prolonged drought is detrimental for the productivity by affecting the number of capsules per plant, grain yield and oil yield and quality as well [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Therefore, identifying drought resistant genotypes is of utmost importance for sesame breeding programs in West and Central Africa [14]. It is difficult to determine an individual indicator for accurately and effectively screen different genotypes for drought resistance as plants have an array of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular responses at cellular and whole organism levels, making it a more complex phenomenon [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Screening of Some West and Central African Sesame Genotypes for Drought Resistance Probing by Agromorphological, Physiological, Biochemical and Seed Quality Traits

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Sesame is an important crop in West and Central Africa playing a role of an alternative cash crop for smallholders. However, sesame productivity is highly impaired by drought. This study aimed at identifying some drought-resistant genotypes and efficient screening traits in large sesame germplasm. Ten genotypes were examined based on 21 biochemical, physiological, agromorphological and seed quality traits under three weeks of water stress. A high variability for drought resistance was observed among the genotypes. The genotypes WC17, WC18 and WC14 were drought resistant, WC12, WC13, WC06 and WC03 were moderately drought resistant while, WC02, WC10 and WC08 were drought sensitive, based on principal component analysis. The resistant genotypes exhibited both avoidance and tolerance features including increase of the root system, reduced water loss, highest activity of antioxidative enzymes and accumulation of proline. They produced higher biomass and had higher ability to maintain seed quality under drought stress compared with the sensitive genotypes. Strong accumulation (~200% ratio stress/control) of biochemical markers including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and proline could be regarded as an important indicator for selecting drought resistant genotypes. This study represents a reference for future research towards developing new varieties with improved drought resistance in West and Central Africa.

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Sesame Crop: An Underexploited Oilseed Holds Tremendous Potential for Enhanced Food Value

Cited by 51 publications

References 51 publications

Enhancing sesame production in West Africa’s Sahel: a comprehensive insight into the cultivation of this untapped crop in Senegal and Mali

Enhancing sesame production in West Africa’s Sahel: a comprehensive insight into the cultivation of this untapped crop in Senegal and Mali

Correlation and cluster analysis of white seeded sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes oil yield in northern Ethiopia

Comprehensive Screening of Some West and Central African Sesame Genotypes for Drought Resistance Probing by Agromorphological, Physiological, Biochemical and Seed Quality Traits

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