Sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) Growth and Yield as Influenced by Preemergence Herbicides

Abstract

Studies were conducted during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons under weed-free conditions in South Texas and the High Plains region of Texas to evaluate preemergence herbicides for sesame tolerance. No reduction in sesame stand was noted with any herbicide at south Texas location; however, at the High Plains location, linuron at the 2X rate reduced stand counts 28 days after treatment (DAT) in 2007 and diuron reduced sesame stand 147 DAT in 2008 when compared with the untreated check. At the 1/2X rate all herbicides exhibited minimal stunting while at the 1X rate stunting was variable and varied between locations. At the 2X rate, all herbicides caused sesame stunting compared to the untreated check. No herbicide, with the exception of linuron at the 2X rate in 2008 at the High Plains location, reduced sesame yield when compared with the untreated check. Although some herbicide treatments resulted in sesame stunting, this did not result in any yield reductions and this can be attributed to the ability of the sesame plant to compensate for injury and/or reduced stands.

Evaluation of the antipeptic ulcer activity of the seed extract of sesame (Sesamum indicum) in stress induced peptic ulcers in rats

“…The causes are as follows: Psychological stress, physiological stress which occurs in conditions like shock, severe trauma, extensive burn (Curling's ulcer), septicaemia, cushing's ulcer. 4 The pathology of the stress ulcer is not clear, the possible hypotheses for genesis of stress ulcers is Ischaemic hypoxic injury to the mucosal cells and depletion of the gastric mucus barrier rendering the mucosa susceptible to attack by acid-peptic secretions. 4 In the present study the ulcer induction was done using restraint cage and placing the rats in cold ventilated freezer for 2 hours.…”

“…4 The pathology of the stress ulcer is not clear, the possible hypotheses for genesis of stress ulcers is Ischaemic hypoxic injury to the mucosal cells and depletion of the gastric mucus barrier rendering the mucosa susceptible to attack by acid-peptic secretions. 4 In the present study the ulcer induction was done using restraint cage and placing the rats in cold ventilated freezer for 2 hours. Edward et al, studied the Synergism between cold and restraint for rapid production of stress ulcers in rats and they observed that restraint and exposure to cold acted synergistically to produce gastric ulcers.…”

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Response to Delayed Applications of Preemergence Herbicides Applied 3 or 6 Day after Emergence

“…With weak seedling vigor, limited competitive ability, and a lack of inexpensive and affordable labor, the use of preemergence (PRE) and/or postemergence (POST) herbicides are essential for commercial mechanized sesame production, especially in the U S [6][7][8][9]. Also, the long growing season for sesame requires a weed management program that provides season-long weed control [6,8,18]. Currently, S-metolachlor is the only herbicide registered for PRE use in the U S and sesame injury has been observed with this treatment under certain conditions [18].…”

“…Also, the long growing season for sesame requires a weed management program that provides season-long weed control [6,8,18]. Currently, S-metolachlor is the only herbicide registered for PRE use in the U S and sesame injury has been observed with this treatment under certain conditions [18]. In Texas, S-metolachlor resulted in 9 to 29% sesame stand reduction at one location and < 8% at a different location [18].…”

Effect of Sesame Leaf Diet on Detoxification Activities of Insects With Different Feeding Behavior

“…Sesame (Sesamum indicum: Pedaliaceae) is a food plant that is hardy and drought tolerant (Bedigian and Harlan, 1986;Sintim and Yeboah-Badu, 2010). It was mostly grown in Africa and Asia but has recently been introduced into the USA (Grichar et al, 2012) in places such as Texas where cotton failed due to erratic rainfall (Betts, 1999). In sesame, the lignans, sesamin, sesamolin, sesamol (Van Dijk et al, 1973), secoisolariciresinol, lariciresinol, matairesinol, and pinoresinol (Midler et al, 2005), have been reported as constitutive components of the seed.…”