Sesamin Promotes Neurite Outgrowth under Insufficient Nerve Growth Factor Condition in PC12 Cells through ERK1/2 Pathway and SIRT1 Modulation

Abstract

e promotion of neurogenesis can be a promising strategy to improve and restore neuronal function in neurodegenerative diseases. Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a key role in neurite outgrowth and synaptic formation during brain repair stage. Nowadays, there are several studies on the developing methods to enhance the endogenous NGF activity for treatment and restore the neuronal function. In this study, the potentiating effect of sesamin, a major lignan in sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) and oil, on NGF-induced neurogenesis and its involved mechanisms were firstly reported. Sesamin effectively enhanced the PC12 neuronlike cell differentiation and neurite length under insufficient conditions of NGF. e neuronal markers including synaptophysin and growth-associated protein-43 along with the synaptic connections were significantly increased in combination treatment between sesamin and NGF. Moreover, sesamin also increased the level of phospho-ERK1/2 and SIRT1 protein, an important regulatory protein of the neurogenesis process. e neurogenesis was blocked by the specific SIRT1 inhibitor, JGB1741, suggesting that the neuritogenic effect of sesamin was associated with SIRT1 protein modulation. Taken together, the potentiating effect of sesamin on NGF-induced neurogenesis in this finding could be used for alternative treatment in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.

Sesamin Activates Nrf2/Cnc-Dependent Transcription in the Absence of Oxidative Stress in Drosophila Adult Brains

“…A recent study revealed that glutamate acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the olfactory system [55]. Furthermore, previous in vitro studies using mammalian cultured cells showed that sesamin promoted neurite outgrowth under insufficient nerve growth factor conditions in rat pheochromocytoma cells [8]. Considering these previous findings, our observations suggest that sesamin might suppress age-dependent impairment of long-term memory.…”

“…Sesame seeds have been used as a traditional health food supplement, as well as medicinal remedy [1,2]. They contain lignans that can significantly reduce various health risks [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Sesamin is the most abundant lignan in sesame seeds, and the catechol moiety of the sesamin molecule is responsible for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of sesame in mammals [9][10][11][12].…”

Carissa macrocarpa Leaves Polar Fraction Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats via Downregulating the Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers

“…Several studies highlighted the crucial role of NGF in neurogenesis, cognition, and brain repair, indicating the importance of maintaining NGF levels to prevent the occurrence of neurotoxicity [45][46][47]. In the current study, the lowest levels of NGF obtained by administering Dox alone were successfully elevated after adding C. macrocarpa combined with Dox.…”

A Herbal Mixture of Sesami Semen Nigrum and Longan Arillus Induces Neurite Outgrowth in Cultured Neurons and Shows Anti-Depression in Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Rats

“…Sesamol, sesamin, and sesamolin are the major bioactive compounds in Sesami Semen Nigrum. Among them, sesamol was reported to have significant neuroprotective activity [ 33 ] and sesamin was shown to possess the function of stimulating NGF-induced neurogenesis [ 34 ]. In Caenorhabditis elegans , both sesamin and sesamolin have shown protective ability in alleviating A β -induced toxicity and reducing the formation of A β oligomers [ 35 ].…”