Sesamol Treatment Reduces Plasma Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol Levels in Mouse Models of Acute and Chronic Hyperlipidemia

Abstract

The active constituents of Sesamum indicum, sesamin and sesamolin, have already been explored for hypolipidemic action. In this study we have explored the anti-dyslipidemic activity of another active component and metabolite of sesamolin (sesamol), by using acute models of hyperlipidemia viz., a fat tolerance test, a tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemia model and a chronic model of hyperlipidemia viz., a high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia model in Swiss albino mice. Sesamol (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased triacylglycerol absorption in the fat tolerance test by showing a dose-dependent decrease in triacylglycerol levels. The hypolipidemic effect of sesamol at 200 mg/kg was equivalent to 10 mg/kg of orlistat. In the tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemia model, Sesamol at 200 mg/kg reversed the elevated levels of cholesterol and triacylglycerol compared with the tyloxapol group at 12 and 24 h, which indicates its probable effect on cholesterol synthesis. Chronic hyperlipidemia in mice was produced by feeding a high-diet, a mixture of cholesterol (2 % w/w), cholic acid (1 % w/w) and coconut oil 30 % (v/w) with standard powdered standard animal chow (up to 100 g). Niacin (100 mg/kg) and sesamol (100 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the elevated body weight compared with the high fat diet control group. Elevated levels of cholesterol and triacylglycerol were significantly (P < 0.05) reversed by the sesamol (50 and 100 mg/kg), implying that it might reduce the absorption and increase the excretion of cholesterol as well.

Sesamol: a Treatment for Diabetes-Associated Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction

“…Most noteably, evidence suggests that sesamol has cardioprotective benefits by regulating vascular function and influencing circulating lipids by modulating liver function. One clinical study showed that sesame seed oil can control increased blood pressure, hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation (by increasing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (41) and similar findings have been highlighted in preclinical studies (42, 43, 44). Sesamol treatment reduced plasma cholesterol and triglycerides in acute and chronic hyperlipidemia, improved vascular function (42) and can up regulate protective vascular enzymes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (43, 44) in the liver.…”

Sesamol induces mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in HCT116 human colon cancer cells via pro-oxidant effect

“…1) has a wide range of biological actions, including: anti-mutagenesis [1]; antioxidant [2]; suppression of neuro-inflammation [3]; inhibition of atherosclerosis progression [4]; inhibition of NF-B in platelet aggregation [5,6]; and, reduction of plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels [7].…”

Sesamol suppresses the inflammatory response by inhibiting NF-κB/MAPK activation and upregulating AMP kinase signaling in RAW 264.7 macrophages

“…Sesamun indicum is an ancient crop with high oil content in the seeds [22]. Sesame oil is a common edible oil, high in vitamins, minerals, phytosterols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids [17].…”

“…Studies found that sesamol could induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells [21]. Sesamol also reduced cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in hyperlipidemic mice [22]. In addition, sesamol was reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect in a rat inflammatory lung model and an antioxidant effect in a rat acute pancreatitis model [23].…”