“…In Kazakh traditional folk medicine, the roots are used internally (decocts) or externally (tinctures, compresses) to treat epilepsy, neurosis, rheumatism and various inflammatory diseases, gastroduodenal ulcers, dyspepsia, wounds, abscesses and tumours [14]. To date, numerous sesquiterpene lactones, including olgin, olgoferin, oferin, laferin, talassins A-B, ferolide, penninervin, ferupennins A-O, lasolide, isolasolide, decipienin F, and carmenin have been isolated from the roots of F. penninervis [12,[15][16][17]. However, to the best of our knowledge, the biological potential of this species and its phytochemical constituents has been almost completely neglected.…”