Setting behaviour, mechanical properties and heat generation under alternate current magnetic fields of Fe₃O₄/TiO₂/PMMA composite bone cement

Abstract

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cements have been used as fillers for bone defects because of their excellent mechanical properties and injectability. PMMA bone cements containing magnetite (Fe 3 O 4) particles have been studied for application in magnetic hyperthermia treatment of metastatic bone tumours (Bruno et al.,

Proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells on polymethyl methacrylate cements containing Fe3O4 and TiO2 for hyperthermic treatment of metastatic bone tumors

“…In this study, two cement samples of F25T15-3/2-42 and F30T15-3/2-42 were subjected to SEM and TF-XRD analyses as shown in Figure 2, since we confirmed that these samples show both heat-generating ability and apatiteforming ability in our previous studies. 25,26 The surface morphology of the samples was very similar when observed using SEM, as shown in Figure 2(a). The TF-XRD peaks ascribed to TiO 2 (rutile and anatase) and Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) were clearly observed for cement samples F25T15-3/2-42 and F30T15-3/2-42 (Figure 2(b)), and they were almost identical to powder XRD peaks of original Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 powders.…”

“…The TF-XRD peaks ascribed to TiO 2 (rutile and anatase) and Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) were clearly observed for cement samples F25T15-3/2-42 and F30T15-3/2-42 (Figure 2(b)), and they were almost identical to powder XRD peaks of original Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 powders. 25 According to the total DNA levels isolated from MC3T3-E1 cells adherent to F0T0-3/2-42, F25T15-3/2-42, and F30T15-3/2-42 in Figure 3, MC3T3-E1 cells proliferated gradually up to 7 days on all samples; however, cell proliferation was significantly suppressed for F25T15-3/2-42 and F30T15-3/2-42 cultured for 5 days compared to F0T0-3/2-42. Further, suppression was observed for F25T15-3/ 2-42 cultured for 7 days compared to the control.…”

“…The TF-XRD peaks ascribed to TiO 2 (rutile and anatase) and Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) were clearly observed for cement samples F25T15-3/2-42 and F30T15-3/2-42 (Figure 2(b)), and they were almost identical to powder XRD peaks of original Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 powders. 25

Figure 2.SEM images (a) and TF-XRD patterns (b) of F0T0-3/2-42, F25T15-3/2-42, and F30T15-3/2-42.

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“…In previous studies, we prepared PMMA-type cements containing 20-45 mass% of Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 and evaluated their setting behavior, mechanical properties, apatiteforming ability, and heat-generation characteristics. 25,26 The results revealed that as the content of Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 increases, the setting time increases while the maximum temperature decreases. Further, the compressive strength of the PMMA cement containing 20-45 mass% of Fe 3 O 4 and TiO 2 satisfied the ISO5833 standard (>70 MPa).…”