Settlement and slaking problems in the world's fourth largest rock-fill dam, the Ataturk Dam in Turkey

Çetin, Hasan; Laman, Mustafa; Ertunç, Aziz

doi:10.1016/s0013-7952(99)00049-6

Cited by 86 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Similarly, Park et al (2000) have suggested the use of a proper number of slaking cycles of a slake-durability test for better representation on slope stability problems of weathered rocks in Korea. Previous researchers who also made similar observations include Cetin et al (2000) and Wust and McLane (2000).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Study on the physical disintegration characteristics of Subang claystone subjected to a modified slaking index test

et al. 2005

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Some instability problems were found on natural or engineered slopes mostly lying on Subang claystones. The instability problems included excessive erosion, slumps and rock falls. The field performance surveys of the problems suggested that the claystones physically weather rapidly so that the rock properties they exhibit during excavation often change to properties with a more characteristic of soil. Such a phenomenon is generally known as a slaking process. In order to gain better understanding about the slaking of Subang claystones, a series of experimental laboratory studies were carried out involving a modified slaking index test. Claystone samples used in this study were obtained from their exposures along the Northern West Java area of Indonesia. Petrographic analysis was correspondingly performed to identify mineral and texture/fabric, and in turn, to determine the inherent factors of the rocks which might affect the slaking process. The study results indicated that the claystones were characterized by high to very high slaking properties having a maximum slaking index (I s ) of 57.4% and a mean I s of 43.8%. Major dispersion slaking on sample surfaces and high cracking in response to excessive swelling were recognized as main slaking modes within the claystones. All samples lose progressively less material through the five wet-dry cycles of a slaking index test, indicating a decelerated slaking rate. It was evident that the main inherent factors controlling the slaking process were expandable clay mineral smectite, non-clay mineral pyrite and soluble mineral calcite. Moreover, a quite important of inherent bonding material and stress release energy in the slaking characteristics of the claystones was revealed by a closure phase of an initial hairline crack during unloading.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Study on the physical disintegration characteristics of Subang claystone subjected to a modified slaking index test

et al. 2005

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“…(Dhakal et al 2002;Crosta 1998. Johnson andDeGraff 1988;Fang and Harrison 2001;Cetin et al 2000;Gokceoglu et al 2000;Koncagul and Santi 1999;Oguchi and Matsukura 1999;Oyama and Chigira 1999;Tugrul 2004;Phienwej and Singh 2005;Singh et al 2005Singh et al , 2006Gupta and Ahmed 2007;Rintrawilai et al 2011). Experiments were performed to estimate the deterioration on rocks under fluid action.…”

Section: Slake Durability Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Correlation of Index Geomechanical Parameters with the Compressional Wave Velocity

2011

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The geomechanical strength of rockmass plays a key role in planning and design of mining and civil construction projects. Determination of geomechanical properties in the field as well as laboratory is time consuming, tedious and a costly affair. In this study, density, slake durability index, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and P-wave velocity tests were conducted on four igneous, six sedimentary and three metamorphic rock varieties. These properties are crucial and used extensively in geotechnical engineering to understand the stability of the structures. The main aim of this study is to determine the various mechanical properties of 13 different rock types in the laboratory and establish a possible and acceptable correlation with P-wave velocity which can be determined in the field as well as laboratory with ease and accuracy. Empirical equations were developed to calculate the density, slake durability index and UCS from P-wave velocities. Strong correlations among P-wave velocity with the physical properties of different rock were established. The relations mainly follow a linear trend. Student's 't' test and 'F' test were performed to ensure proper analysis and validation of the proposed correlations. These correlations can save time and reduce cost during design and planning process as they represent a reliable engineering tool.

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“…Post-construction settlements in rockfill dams usually do not pose a real threat for the structure or present problems for its operability. Pathological cases, such as the Ataturk Dam in Turkey (Cetin et al, 2000), which had lost almost all of its projected freeboard in the first five years after reservoir filling, are rare in dam engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical investigation of the time-dependent behaviour of rockfill

2007

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Long-term strain records obtained in large-diameter oedometer tests on compacted gravels demonstrated that strains could be linearly related with the logarithm of time. Delayed compressibility coefficients were found proportional to the conventional stress-induced compressibility coefficients. A framework rooted on the phenomenon of crack propagation in rock particles induced by stress corrosion mechanisms is adopted to explain macroscopic observations. A model of crack propagation in loaded disc-shaped particles has been developed in order to explain the nature of particle breakage and its relationship with time, macroscopic stress and total suction. Experimental observations such as the existence of threshold stresses that mark the onset of delayed deformations are explained by the model. It was also found that the main features of the delayed deformation of rockfill could be physically explained within the developed framework. In particular, a simple closed-form relationship between the coefficient of delayed deformation, the compressibility coefficient and a parameter describing the rate of crack propagation could be found. It was found to be consistent with experimental observations.

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Settlement and slaking problems in the world's fourth largest rock-fill dam, the Ataturk Dam in Turkey

Cited by 86 publications

References 4 publications

Study on the physical disintegration characteristics of Subang claystone subjected to a modified slaking index test

Study on the physical disintegration characteristics of Subang claystone subjected to a modified slaking index test

An Empirical Correlation of Index Geomechanical Parameters with the Compressional Wave Velocity

Theoretical investigation of the time-dependent behaviour of rockfill

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