Settlement of Dry Sands during Earthquakes

Seed, H. Bolton; Silver, Marshall L.

doi:10.1061/jsfeaq.0001745

Cited by 48 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…As shown in Figure 2b, the predicted values of C N fall well within the range of values from the Silver and Seed (1971) and Seed and Silver (1972) data.…”

Section: Simplified Form Of the Byrne Modelsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…a uniform angular quartz sand having D 10 ; 0.5 mm and a uniformity coefficient of ;1.5; D 10 is the effective soil particle diameter corresponding to 10% passing on the grain size distribution curve). Tokimatsu and Seed (1987) furthered the simplified framework put forward by Seed and Silver (1972) in several ways. In the Tokimatsu and Seed (1987) procedure, g eff is estimated using an expression that was derived similarly to the one used to compute cyclic stress ratio (CSR) in simplified liquefaction evaluation procedures (Dobry et al, 1982):…”

Section: Simplified Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tokimatsu and Seed (1987) furthered the simplified framework put forward by Seed and Silver (1972) in several ways. In the Tokimatsu and Seed (1987) procedure, γ eff is estimated using an expression that was derived similarly to the one used to compute cyclic stress ratio (CSR) in simplified liquefaction evaluation procedures (Dobry et al, 1982):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first simplified seismic compression procedure was proposed by Seed and Silver (1972). In this procedure, the shear strain time histories acting on horizontal planes at various depths within a profile are computed using a numerical site response analysis, from which both γ eff and n eqγ are computed as a function of depth within the profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this procedure, the shear strain time histories acting on horizontal planes at various depths within a profile are computed using a numerical site response analysis, from which both γ eff and n eqγ are computed as a function of depth within the profile. Drained cyclic direct simple shear tests performed on samples representative of in situ soil and state are used to develop relationships among γ eff , relative density ( Dr ), n eqγ , and volumetric strain ( ε v ), where Seed and Silver (1972) present such relationships for Crystal Silica No. 20 sand (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expanded Byrne model for evaluating seismic compression

Jiang

Green

Taylor³

2020

Earthquake Spectra

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Seismic compression is the accrual of contractive volumetric strain in unsaturated or partially saturated sandy soils during earthquake shaking and has caused significant distress to overlying and nearby structures. The phenomenon can be well characterized by load-dependent, interaction macro-level fatigue theories. Toward this end, the Byrne cyclic shear-volumetric strain coupling model is expanded and calibrated for evaluating seismic compression for several soil types. In addition, the model was transformed to allow it to be implemented in a “simplified” manner, in addition to the original “non-simplified” formulation. Both implementation approaches are used to analyze a site in Japan impacted by the 2007, Mw6.6 Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki earthquake. The results from the analyses are in general accord with the post-earthquake field observations and highlight the sensitivity of predicted magnitude of the seismic compression to the input variables used and modeling assumptions (e.g. relative density of the soil, magnitude of the volumetric threshold strain, orientation of the ground motions, settlement of soils below the ground water table, and accounting for multidirectional shaking). Although additional studies are needed to further validate the findings presented herein, estimation of relative density and threshold shear strain of the soil and ground motion orientation individually have moderate-to-significant influence on the computed magnitude of seismic compression, but they have a significant influence when taken in combination. Also, the seismic compression models can seemingly be used to predict the settlement in fully saturated sand when the excess pore water pressures are limited. Finally, accounting for multidirectional shaking has a significant influence on the computed magnitude of seismic compression.

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“…As shown in Figure 2b, the predicted values of C N fall well within the range of values from the Silver and Seed (1971) and Seed and Silver (1972) data.…”

Section: Simplified Form Of the Byrne Modelsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Simplified Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Expanded Byrne model for evaluating seismic compression

Jiang

Green

Taylor³

2020

Earthquake Spectra

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Appendix E: Bibliography

Bauer

Zhang

Kimber

2009

Practical System Reliability

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Mechanics of a sandy subsoil subjected to cyclic loadings

Sawicki

Świdziński

1989

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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SUMMARYA simple model for compaction of a sand, that may be useful in various geotechnical applications is presented. The model has been formulated in terms of the cyclic stress and strain amplitudes. The compaction properties of a dry sand are characterized by a common compaction curve described by two coefficients.The second aim of this paper is to show some applications of the theory proposed. The attention has been restricted to the two extreme cases of practical importance, namely to the behaviour of a dry sand (or a saturated sand but in free draining conditions), and to the behaviour of saturated sand in undrained conditions. Some numerical algorithms showing how to deal with those problems are presented and illustrated on the following examples: settlement and pore pressure generation in a soil stratum subjected to an earthquake, settlement of a foundation, pore pressure generation and liquefaction in a sea-bed.The results obtained suggest that the model proposed, as well as a method of dealing with boundary value problems can serve as a useful tool for the analysis of a sandy subsoil subjected to cyclic loadings.

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Settlement of Dry Sands during Earthquakes

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Expanded Byrne model for evaluating seismic compression

Expanded Byrne model for evaluating seismic compression

Appendix E: Bibliography

Mechanics of a sandy subsoil subjected to cyclic loadings

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