Seven-Year Neurodevelopmental Scores and Prenatal Exposure to Chlorpyrifos, a Common Agricultural Pesticide

Rauh, Virginia; Arunajadai, Srikesh; Horton, Megan; Perera, Frederica P.; Hoepner, Lori; Barr, Dana Boyd; Whyatt, Robin M.

doi:10.1201/b18030-6

Cited by 55 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The present study has many strengths, including its longitudinal design with pyrethroid exposure assessments both prenatally and during childhood. As outcomes, we used two domains from the WISC-IV known to be sensitive to low-dose insecticide exposure, providing targeted measures of possible neurotoxic effects on brain function (Bouchard et al, 2011;Rauh et al, 2011). Participants were representative of the PELAGIE cohort, although high-educated mothers were slightly more numerous (68% vs. 62%) (Petit et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrethroid insecticide exposure and cognitive developmental disabilities in children: The PELAGIE mother–child cohort

Viel

Warembourg

Maner-Idrissi

et al. 2015

Environment International

182

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Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used in agriculture and in homes. Despite the neurotoxicity of these insecticides at high doses, few studies have examined whether lower-level exposures could adversely affect children's neurodevelopment. The PELAGIE cohort included 3421 pregnant women from Brittany, France between 2002 and 2006. When their children reached their sixth birthday, 428 mothers from the cohort were randomly selected, successfully contacted and found eligible. A total of 287 (67%) mothers agreed to participate with their children in the neuropsychological follow-up. Two cognitive domains were assessed by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children: verbal comprehension and working memory. Five pyrethroid and two organophosphate insecticide metabolites were measured in maternal and child first-void urine samples collected between 6 and 19 gestational weeks and at 6years of age, respectively. Linear regression models were used to estimate associations between cognitive scores and urinary pyrethroid metabolite concentrations, adjusting for organophosphate metabolite concentrations and potential confounders. Maternal prenatal pyrethroid metabolite concentrations were not consistently associated with any children's cognitive scores. By contrast, childhood 3-PBA and cis-DBCA concentrations were both negatively associated with verbal comprehension scores (P-trend=0.04 and P-trend<0.01, respectively) and with working memory scores (P-trend=0.05 and P-trend<0.01, respectively). No associations were observed for the three other childhood pyrethroid metabolite concentrations (4-F-3-PBA, cis-DCCA, and trans-DCCA). Low-level childhood exposures to deltamethrin (as cis-DBCA is its principal and selective metabolite), in particular, and to pyrethroid insecticides, in general (as reflected in levels of the 3-PBA metabolite) may negatively affect neurocognitive development by 6years of age. Whatever their etiology, these cognitive deficits may be of importance educationally, because cognitive impairments in children interfere with learning and social development. Potential causes that can be prevented are of paramount public health importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrethroid insecticide exposure and cognitive developmental disabilities in children: The PELAGIE mother–child cohort

Viel

Warembourg

Maner-Idrissi

et al. 2015

Environment International

182

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“…In the same cohort Eskenazi et al found that with an exposure of two different types of DDTs, 12 and 24 month-old children had a 2-3 point decrease in Mental Developmental Index scores (74). Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used broad-spectrum organophosphate pesticide, has been linked to a host of developmental and cognitive effects including reduced head circumference and birth weight, abnormal reflexes in neonates, attention deficits in children, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities and significantly reduced childhood IQ by 5-7 points (75)(76)(77)(78)(79)(80)(81)(82)(83). A recent study investigated links between CPF exposure and brain structure in children ages 5.9 -11.2 years from a community-based cohort (84).…”

Section: Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Links Between Endocrine Disruptors and Neurodevelopment

et al. 2015

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Recent data indicate that approximately 12% of children in the United States are affected by neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, intellectual disabilities, and autism spectrum disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates a multifactorial etiology for these disorders, with social, physical, genetic susceptibility, nutritional factors, and chemical toxicants acting together to influence risk. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals during the early stages of life can disrupt normal patterns of development and thus alter brain function and disease susceptibility later in life. This article highlights research efforts and pinpoints approaches that could shed light on the possible associations between environmental chemicals that act on the endocrine system and compromised neurodevelopmental outcomes.

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“…• Decreased semen quality with PCBs [54] • Spontaneous abortion and fetal loss with solvents [55][56][57][58] • Impaired fetal growth with pesticides [59] • Fetal loss, low birth weight, and preterm delivery with air pollutants [60][61][62][63][64][65][66] • Decreased fetal and birth weight, and congenital malformations with toluene [67-69] • Shortened gestational age with phthalates [70] • Low birth weight with PCBs [71] • Reduced birth weight and fetal growth with perfluorinated compounds [72,73] Neurodevelopment • Impaired cognitive and neurodevelopment, increase in attention problems and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder behaviors at age 5 years, and reduction in working memory capabilities at age 7 years with pesticides [74][75][76][77] • Impaired neurodevelopment in girls and reduction in executive function at age 4-9 years with phthalates [78,79] • Intellectual impairment with lead [80] • Reduced cognitive performance, impaired neurodevelopment, and reduced psychomotor outcomes with methyl mercury [81][82][83][84][85] • Decreased placental expression of genes implicated in normal neurodevelopmental trajectories with increasing in utero exposure to fine particle air pollution [86] • Reduced intelligence quotient score and a wide range of attention and executive function deficits with PCBs [87][88][89][90][91] • Impaired neurodevelopment and reduction in sustained attention with polybrominated diphenol ethers [92,…”

Section: Fertility and Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics opinion on reproductive health impacts of exposure to toxic environmental chemicals

Renzo

Conry

Blake

et al. 2015

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

263

235

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Exposure to toxic environmental chemicals during pregnancy and breastfeeding is ubiquitous and is a threat to healthy human reproduction. There are tens of thousands of chemicals in global commerce, and even small exposures to toxic chemicals during pregnancy can trigger adverse health consequences. Exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and related health outcomes are inequitably distributed within and between countries; universally, the consequences of exposure are disproportionately borne by people with low incomes. Discrimination, other social factors, economic factors, and occupation impact risk of exposure and harm. Documented links between prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals and adverse health outcomes span the life course and include impacts on fertility and pregnancy, neurodevelopment, and cancer. The global health and economic burden related to toxic environmental chemicals is in excess of millions of deaths and billions of dollars every year. On the basis of accumulating robust evidence of exposures and adverse health impacts related to toxic environmental chemicals, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) joins other leading reproductive health professional societies in calling for timely action to prevent harm. FIGO recommends that reproductive and other health professionals advocate for policies to prevent exposure to toxic environmental chemicals, work to ensure a healthy food system for all, make environmental health part of health care, and champion environmental justice.

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Seven-Year Neurodevelopmental Scores and Prenatal Exposure to Chlorpyrifos, a Common Agricultural Pesticide

Cited by 55 publications

References 42 publications

Pyrethroid insecticide exposure and cognitive developmental disabilities in children: The PELAGIE mother–child cohort

Pyrethroid insecticide exposure and cognitive developmental disabilities in children: The PELAGIE mother–child cohort

Elucidating the Links Between Endocrine Disruptors and Neurodevelopment

International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics opinion on reproductive health impacts of exposure to toxic environmental chemicals

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