Several aspects on the plant growth and development in space environment. Effect of simulated microgravity on auxin polar transport in inflorescence axis of Arabidopsis thaliana.

STS-95 space experiment for plant growth and development, and auxin polar transport.

“…Results of these studies showed that simulated microgravity on a clinostat strongly affected the orientation and the quantity of the growth and development (Brown et al 1976, Hoson et al 1992 . The growth and development of inflorescence axes of Arabidopsis thaliana observed under simulated microgravity conditions on a clinostat was concerned with the changes in their activities of auxin polar transport , Oka et al 1995, Ueda et al 1996, in which auxin moves basipetally in plants. Moreover, auxin polar transport in etiolated pea epicotyls, and maize coleoptiles and mesocotyls was substantially influenced under simulated microgravity conditions on a 3-D clinostat (Shimazu et al 2000, Ueda et al 1999a.…”

Growth and development, and auxin polar transport of transgenic Arabidopsis under simulated microgravity conditions on a three-dimensional clinostat.

“…We have studied plant growth and development, and auxin polar transport under simulated microgravity conditions on a 3-dimensional (3-D) clinostat. A series of our studies using a 3-D clinostat showed that auxin polar transport in flower stalk of Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype was substantially affected by a long duration under simulated microgravity conditions on a 3-D clinostat, but not affected by a short duration (Oka et al 1995, Ueda et al 1996, 1997.…”

“…Activities of auxin polar transport in the segment of flower stalk of Arabidopsis R12 transformants were determined using the method previously reported (Oka et al 1995). Fifty µl of 1% [ 14 C] indole-3-acetic acid (American Radiolabeled Chemical Inc., USA) at the concentration of 1 mCi/ml were applied in a 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube.…”

Auxin Polar Transport is Essential for the Early Growth Stage of Etiolated Maize (Zea maysL. cv. Honey Bantam) Seedlings

“…Auxin polar transport was determined according to the method reported previously (Oka et al, 1995;Ueda et al, 1999Ueda et al, , 2000Ueda et al, , 2012Ueda et al, , 2013Hoshino et al, 2007) , American Radiolabeled Chemicals Inc., St. Louis, Mo.) was prepared in 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes, and was incorporated into the apical or the basal side of the segments in the tube.…”

“…After the designated incubation period, the radioactivity on the opposite sides (1 to 2 mm) of the segment was directly determined using a liquid scintillation counter and auxin polar transport was shown by the radioactivity. This method has been considered to be suitable for the determination of auxin polar transport (Okada et al 1991;Oka et al 1995Oka et al , 1998Oka et al , 1999Ueda et al, 2012). Since radioactivities transported from basal to apical side of the segments were extremely small (Okada et al 1991;Oka et al 1995Oka et al , 1998Oka et al , 1999Ueda et al, 2012), only [ 14 C]IAA from the apical side of the segments was shown as a result.…”