Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Immunogenicity among Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Recipients

Aleissa, Muneerah M; Little, Joanna M.; Davey, Sonya; Saucier, Anna; Zhou, Guohai; Gonzalez-Bocco, Isabel H; Crombie, Jennifer; Looka, Andrew; Baden, Lindsey R.; Issa, Nicolas C.; Hammond, Sarah P.; Jacobson, Caron A.; Sherman, Amy C

doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2023.03.005

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Antibody responses were maintained in three of five patients with available results by day 30 postinfusion. 103 99 Taken together these findings underscore the importance of not withholding vaccination based on upcoming HCT or CAR-T-cell therapy but rather optimizing vaccination both pre-and post-cellular therapy to improve immunity after treatment.…”

Section: Vaccination Prior To Cell Therapy Infusionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Patients with prior humoral or cellular responses achieved titers comparable to healthy controls in one study, 103 while a 3rd or 4th dose led to seroconversion 20%–60% of seronegative patients after two doses 82,103,108 . In another study, receipt of three doses was an independent predictor of higher anti‐spike titers, although a third of patients were not able to mount an antibody response even after three doses 99 …”

Section: Clinical Outcomes Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…82,103,108 In another study, receipt of three doses was an independent predictor of higher anti-spike titers, although a third of patients were not able to mount an antibody response even after three doses. 99 Despite higher seropositivity rates of up to 70%-80% in patients with multiple myeloma (BCMA or CD138 CAR-T-cells), 99,[104][105][106][107] these may not correlate with a high neutralizing activity. 106…”

Section: Vaccine Immunogenicity After Car-t-cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data assessing vaccine immunogenicity are scarcer in this population and existing studies are limited by small sample sizes and heterogeneity in timing and method of antibody assessment, vaccination schedule and onset relative to infusion (Table 1). Humoral responses to two doses of vaccination after CAR‐T‐cell‐therapy are lower than in healthy controls 84,99–101 ; antispike IgG antibody responses range from 20% to 80% 66,74,76,84,99–107 and 36%–77% in studies using the same assay (Roche Elecsys) (Figure 1). 74,99,103,105,107 T‐cell responses measured by two different IFN‐γ ELISPOT assays were present in 50%–57% of CAR‐T‐cell therapy recipients who received two doses of the vaccine, 74,103 and were comparable to healthy controls a month after the second dose 101 .…”

Section: Clinical Outcomes Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humoral responses to two doses of vaccination after CAR‐T‐cell‐therapy are lower than in healthy controls 84,99–101 ; antispike IgG antibody responses range from 20% to 80% 66,74,76,84,99–107 and 36%–77% in studies using the same assay (Roche Elecsys) (Figure 1). 74,99,103,105,107 T‐cell responses measured by two different IFN‐γ ELISPOT assays were present in 50%–57% of CAR‐T‐cell therapy recipients who received two doses of the vaccine, 74,103 and were comparable to healthy controls a month after the second dose 101 . Of note, these were present even in the absence of humoral response in the setting of B‐cell aplasia in 23%–33% 74,101 …”

Section: Clinical Outcomes Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID‐19 after hematopoietic cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy

Kampouri,

Hill,

Dioverti

2023

Transplant Infectious Dis

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More than 3 years have passed since Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) was declared a global pandemic, yet COVID‐19 still severely impacts immunocompromised individuals including those treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and chimeric antigen receptor‐T‐cell therapies who remain at high risk for severe COVID‐19 and mortality. Despite vaccination efforts, these patients have inadequate responses due to immunosuppression, which underscores the need for additional preventive approaches. The optimal timing, schedule of vaccination, and immunological correlates for protective immunity remain unknown. Antiviral therapies used early during disease can reduce mortality and severity due to COVID‐19. The combination or sequential use of antivirals could be beneficial to control replication and prevent the development of treatment‐related mutations in protracted COVID‐19. Despite conflicting data, COVID‐19 convalescent plasma remains an option in immunocompromised patients with mild‐to‐moderate disease to prevent progression. Protracted COVID‐19 has been increasingly recognized among these patients and has been implicated in intra‐host emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Finally, novel SARS‐CoV2‐specific T‐cells and natural killer cell‐boosting (or ‐containing) products may be active against multiple variants and are promising therapies in immunocompromised patients.

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Section: Vaccination Prior To Cell Therapy Infusionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Clinical Outcomes Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Vaccine Immunogenicity After Car-t-cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Outcomes Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Outcomes Of Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

COVID‐19 after hematopoietic cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy

Kampouri,

Hill,

Dioverti

2023

Transplant Infectious Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Improving the safety of CAR‐T‐cell therapy: The risk and prevention of viral infection for patients with relapsed or refractory B‐cell lymphoma undergoing CAR‐T‐cell therapy

Qian,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

American J Hematol

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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy, an innovative immunotherapeutic against relapsed/refractory B‐cell lymphoma, faces challenges due to frequent viral infections. Despite this, a comprehensive review addressing risk assessment, surveillance, and treatment management is notably absent. This review elucidates immune response compromises during viral infections in CAR‐T recipients, collates susceptibility risk factors, and deliberates on preventive strategies. In the post‐pandemic era, marked by the Omicron variant, new and severe threats to CAR‐T therapy emerge, necessitating exploration of preventive and treatment measures for COVID‐19. Overall, the review provides recommendations for viral infection prophylaxis and management, enhancing CAR‐T product safety and recipient survival.

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Efficacy of Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Doses in Patients with B Cell Hematologic Malignancies Receiving Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: A Contemporary Cohort Analysis

Abid,

Rubin,

Szabo

et al. 2024

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccine Immunogenicity among Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Recipients

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

COVID‐19 after hematopoietic cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy

COVID‐19 after hematopoietic cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy

Improving the safety of CAR‐T‐cell therapy: The risk and prevention of viral infection for patients with relapsed or refractory B‐cell lymphoma undergoing CAR‐T‐cell therapy

Efficacy of Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Doses in Patients with B Cell Hematologic Malignancies Receiving Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: A Contemporary Cohort Analysis

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