Severe envenomation by the taipan
            <i>(Oxyuranus scutellatus)</i>

Southern, David; Callanan, V.; Gordon, G. S.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138680.x

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…One early Australian article reported three cases, with two deaths 13 and another reported three deaths from presumed taipan bite in the Cairns region 14 . Southern and colleagues reported five cases of taipan envenoming with survival from the Townsville region 17 . Our study presented five definite and two probable taipan envenomings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In spite of this, many of the reports of snakebite in Australia have been from major city hospitals [1][2][3][4][5] or from antivenom usage reports. [6][7][8][9] There is limited data from regional Australia, and other than individual case reports, [10][11][12][13][14] there have not been any data presented on the experience of snakebite in north Queensland. Evidence from a recently published prospective study over 12 months from the Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH) demonstrated that the rate of presentation of snakebite in tropical Australia was far greater than more southern capital cities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence from a recently published prospective study over 12 months from the Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH) demonstrated that the rate of presentation of snakebite in tropical Australia was far greater than more southern capital cities. 15 The 70 suspected snakebite cases from RDH in one year were a greater case load than the 99 snakebite cases from the three major metropolitan teaching hospitals in Perth over a 10 As only approximately 5 -10% of snakebite patients are envenomed, 7 the emergency physician experience in the management of envenomed patients is limited, but essential, as this is a potentially lethal condition. Recommendations for management of snake envenoming are often based on anecdotal experience or opinion, so it is important to re-examine these recommendations in light of new reports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Five years of snake envenoming in far north Queensland

Barrett

Little

2003

Emergency Medicine

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Objective: To describe the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment and outcomes of patients with elapid snake envenoming in far north Queensland. Methods: Review of patients admitted with snake envenoming to Cairns Base Hospital, Queensland, from 1 January 1996–31 December 2000. Results: A total of 264 patients presented to the hospital with a diagnosis of snakebite. Of these, 27 (10%) had clinical evidence of envenoming, including seven children. All envenomed patients had been bitten on a limb. Two patients had correct initial first aid applied. Commercially available venom detection kits were used in 23 patients; 14 (61%) bite site swabs were positive, but only four (23%) of 17 urine Venom Detection Kits were positive. Antivenom was administered to 20 envenomed patients. The five brown snake envenomed patients required a median of 9 ampoules of antivenom to treat their coagulopathy. Sixteen patients were admitted to the ICU, with six requiring ventilation. Six patients were successfully managed in the ED observation ward. Three patients envenomed by a taipan, and one by a death adder were discharged with ongoing neurological symptoms. There was one death from brown snake envenoming. Conclusions: The incidence of snakebite and envenoming in far north Queensland is higher than reported from hospitals in capital cities and is a significant health issue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Five years of snake envenoming in far north Queensland

Barrett

Little

2003

Emergency Medicine

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“…In Australian case reports of delayed effects of envenoming, most cases involved patients presenting to hospital hours after a bite with features of envenoming present at the time of initial examination 17,26–31 . In only one case report of a Death adder envenoming was a patient clearly asymptomatic on admission with the first onset of features documented beyond 6 h 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most experts continue to recommend a minimum of 12–24 h of observation to exclude envenoming 10,13–16 . However, the increased understanding of venom action and the limited number of cases which support this longstanding guideline 17,18 suggested the need for a re‐examination of this observation time. Research on the time of onset of features of elapid envenoming includes studies in monkeys 19,20 and some human series from Papua New Guinea (PNG), where elapids closely related to Australian species occur 21–23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of snakebite victims: Is twelve hours still necessary?

Hughes

2003

Emergency Medicine

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Objective: To determine the period of observation required to exclude elapid envenoming following presentation with suspected or definite snakebite in South‐east Queensland. Methods: Two part case series of patients presenting with a snakebite to a regional hospital in South‐east Queensland. A snakebite assessment protocol was established for a prospective phase with the same data collection tool used for retrospective cases. The time of onset of clinical features, and abnormal investigations consistent with envenoming were recorded for each feature. ‘Time zero’ was set at the time of removal of effective first aid or, time of presentation in the absence of effective first aid. Results: A total of 360 presentations of snakebite were identified with envenoming diagnosed in 34 cases (9%). Seventy‐three percent of clinical features and investigation abnormalities were present at, or before, time zero with 95% present within 6 h. All abnormalities, which commenced beyond 6 h, occurred in patients where the diagnosis of envenoming had already been established. Conclusions: Six hours of assessment appears adequate to exclude elapid envenoming in asymptomatic patients in South‐east Queensland. Evidence in the literature of delayed onset of envenoming in completely asymptomatic patients is difficult to find.

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Full length nucleotide sequence of a Factor V-like subunit of oscutarin from Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus (coastal Taipan)

Welton

Burnell

2005

Toxicon

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Severe envenomation by the taipan (Oxyuranus scutellatus)

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Five years of snake envenoming in far north Queensland

Five years of snake envenoming in far north Queensland

Observation of snakebite victims: Is twelve hours still necessary?

Full length nucleotide sequence of a Factor V-like subunit of oscutarin from Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus (coastal Taipan)

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