Severe falciparum malaria (21 cases)

Salord, F; Allaouchiche, Bernard; Gaussorgues, P.; Boibieux, A.; Sirodot, Michel; Gerard-Boncompain, M.; Biron, F.; Peyramond, D.; Robert, Dominique

doi:10.1007/bf01690765

Cited by 46 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…3). Frequently associated complications were reported to be present (median ϭ 3), and in four patients, ARDS developed following admission, a pattern similar to that seen with falciparum malaria (128)(129)(130). Logistic regressions in limited case series indicated positive and independent associations with parasitemia and neutrophilia and an inverse association with hemoglobin concentrations at admission (33,43).…”

Section: Complicated Knowlesi Malariamentioning

confidence: 66%

Human Infections and Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi

2013

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SUMMARY Plasmodium knowlesi is a malaria parasite that is found in nature in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques. Naturally acquired human infections were thought to be extremely rare until a large focus of human infections was reported in 2004 in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Human infections have since been described throughout Southeast Asia, and P. knowlesi is now recognized as the fifth species of Plasmodium causing malaria in humans. The molecular, entomological, and epidemiological data indicate that human infections with P. knowlesi are not newly emergent and that knowlesi malaria is primarily a zoonosis. Human infections were undiagnosed until molecular detection methods that could distinguish P. knowlesi from the morphologically similar human malaria parasite P. malariae became available. P. knowlesi infections cause a spectrum of disease and are potentially fatal, but if detected early enough, infections in humans are readily treatable. In this review on knowlesi malaria, we describe the early studies on P. knowlesi and focus on the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical aspects, and treatment of knowlesi malaria. We also discuss the gaps in our knowledge and the challenges that lie ahead in studying the epidemiology and pathogenesis of knowlesi malaria and in the prevention and control of this zoonotic infection.

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Section: Complicated Knowlesi Malariamentioning

confidence: 66%

Human Infections and Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi

2013

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“…Hyperparasitaemia was common in these patients. Although the benefit of exchange transfusion over the treatment with antimalarial drug alone remains controversial (Marix 1989), most literature reports satisfactory results in patients who received exchange transfusion (Ahlqvist 1989;Looaresuwan et al 1990;Malin et al 1990;Salord et al 1991;Beards et al 1994;Wilkinson et al 1994). We therefore used exchange transfusion as the adjunct to quinine therapy in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the mortality exceeded 50% in patients with parasitaemia > 500,000/µl (Field & Niven 1937). Exchange transfusion used as the adjunct to the antimalarial drugs rapidly reduces parasitaemia (Looaresuwan et al 1990;Salord et al 1991). Parasitized red cells are more rigid and less deformable than unparasitized red cells (Cranston et al 1984;Ahlqvist 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exchange transfusion as an adjunct to the treatment of severe falciparum malaria

Hoontrakoon

Suputtamongkol

1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryOBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of exchange transfusion as the adjunct to quinine treatment (21 patients) with quinine therapy alone (29 patients). METHOD A retrospective study of 50 patients with severe falciparum malaria was conducted at Chumphorn Hospital, Southern Thailand. RESULTS Clinical characteristics in both treatment groups were not significantly different although in the exchange transfusion group, the admission geometric mean parasitaemia (18 (5%), and the proportion of patients with more than 10% parasitaemia was higher (76%, P = 0.03) than in the group who received quinine alone (10 Ϯ 4%; 38%, P = 0.1). The mortality rate of patients who received exchange transfusion was 48%; that of the remainder, 69%. (P = 0.3). ARDS (P = 0.01) and oliguric renal failure (P = 0.04) were significant risk factors for death in these patients. CONCLUSION Exchange transfusion was safe and well tolerated. Results of our study revealed a 20% reduction in mortality when exchange transfusion was used as an adjunct to quinine treatment. It should therefore be considered in patients with severe falciparum malaria when possible.keywords exchange transfusion, treatment, severe falciparum malaria.correspondence Dr

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“…It is concluded that noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in P. falciparum malaria may induce severe respiratory insufficiency [1,3,15]. However, this complication is not necessarily fatal if recognized early and treated promptly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Respiratory Failure Secondary to Falciparum Malaria

Dahmash

1993

Ann Saudi Med

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NS Dahmash, Acute Respiratory Failure Secondary to Falciparum Malaria. 1993; 13(5): 460-463 Malaria contributes enormously to the mortality and morbidity in many countries where it is endemic. Protean manifestations are well recognized [1][2][3]. Unusual presentation delays prompt diagnosis and effective management and leads to high fatality. While cerebral malaria, acute renal failure, and massive hemolysis are fairly common in frequency [2,3], malaria-induced respiratory failure is relatively rare [3]. We report a patient whose Plasmodium falciparum infection was complicated by rapidly progressive respiratory failure.A 25-year-old male from Sudan was well until 18 August 1989 when he presented to a hospital with a one week history of fever, chills, profuse sweating, and headache. A diagnosis of falciparum malaria was made and an oral chloroquine therapy was commenced. His clinical condition deteriorated with the development of nonproductive cough and vomiting and he was transferred to King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH). On admission to KKUH, physical examination revealed a very ill patient who was febrile (temperature 40°C), blood pressure 120/70 mm/Hg, pulse rate 110 per minute and a respiratory rate of 35 per minute. Examination of the cardiorespiratory system revealed bilateral crepitations, normal heart sounds without gallops or murmurs, and a normal jugular venous pressure. The spleen was palpable to 3 cm below the costal margin. Other systems were normal.Complete blood count revealed white blood count of 5.4x10 9 /L (polymorphonuclear cells 67%, bands 3%, lymphocytes 18%, monocytes 9%, eosinophils 1%, basophils 1%, atypical lymphocytes 1%), hemoglobin concentration of 13 g/dl, hematocrit 33%, and platelet count of 38,000. Prothrombin time 19 seconds (control 15 seconds) and the partial thromboplastin time was 35 seconds (control 23 to 33 seconds). Fibrinogen level was within the normal range and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) were undetected. Blood glucose was 6 mmol/L, sodium 125 mmol/L, potassium 4.4 mmol/L, chloride 103 mmol/L, bicarbonate 23 mmol/L, blood urea nitrogen 4.9 mmol/L, and creatinine 84 μmol/L. His total bilirubin was 13 μmol/L (normal 0 to 17 μmol/L), direct bilirubin 1 μmol/L, total protein 56 g/L (normal 64 to 82 g/L), albumin 27 g/L (normal 34 to 50 g/L), serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) was 148 u/1 (normal 0 to 35 u/L), serum aspartate alanine aminotransferase (SGPT) was 140 u/L (normal 0 to 35 u/L), alkaline phosphatase 95 u/L (normal 50 to 136 u/L and lactic acid level 2.5 mmol/L (normal 0.6 to 1.7 mmol/L). The result of urine analysis was unremarkable. Blood smear showed a significant load of P. falciparum. Sputum examination was unremarkable and subsequent culture grew no organisms. Special stain for acid fast bacilli and fungi was negative. Blood culture, brucella and typhoid titers were negative. Arterial blood gases obtained on room air were as follows: arterial oxygen tension (PaO 2 ) 41 mm/Hg, PCO 2 31 mm/Hg, pH 7.40, bicarbonate (HCO 3 ) 19 mmol/L, and...

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Severe falciparum malaria (21 cases)

Cited by 46 publications

References 34 publications

Human Infections and Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi

Human Infections and Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi

Exchange transfusion as an adjunct to the treatment of severe falciparum malaria

Acute Respiratory Failure Secondary to Falciparum Malaria

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