Severe Foot Lesions in Dairy Goats Associated with Digital Dermatitis Treponemes

Crosby-Durrani, Hayley; Clegg, Simon R.; Singer, E. R.; Angell, Joseph W.; Evans, Nicholas J.; Carter, S.D.; Blundell, R.; Duncan, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.04.001

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Numerous number of reservoirs for Treponema spp. were identified and reported from different hosts including bovine (Evans et al 2012;Nascimento et al 2015;Clegg et al 2016a, b), ovine (Sayers et al 2009;Duncan et al 2014;Sullivan et al 2015a, b;Crosby-Durrani et al 2016), pigs (Svartström et al 2013;Karlsson et al 2013), horse (Moe et al 2010;Sykora and Brandt, 2015) and wild animals (Clegg et al 2015). Continuous looking for new DD-associated Treponema reservoirs is in need due to it is ability to expand not only their host range but also their tissue specificity (Clegg et al 2016a).…”

Section: Dd-associated Treponema Including T Pedis T Medium T Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Treponema species organisms in foremilk and udder cleft skin of dairy cows with digital dermatitis

Sobhy

Mahmmod

Refaai

et al. 2019

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Identification of reservoirs and transmission routes of digital dermatitis (DD) associated Treponema spp. considered an effective means for controlling DD infection in dairy cows. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize the potential reservoir niches for DD-associated Treponema spp. from healthy udder cleft skin and foremilk in lactating dairy cows. A large dairy farm was visited weekly from March to July 2015. Clinical investigation revealed that a total of 25 lame cows had DD lesions located at the plantar aspect of the interdigital cleft. A total of 75 samples, three per cow, were collected including deep swabs from DD lesions (n=25), nonaseptically collected foremilk samples (n=25) and skin swabs from udder cleft (n=25). Treponema spp. were identified using nested PCR assays and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Results revealed that Treponema phagedenis (T. Phagedenis)-like was the most identified species in the foremilk 40% (10/25), in comparison to DD lesions and udder cleft skin samples with 32% (8/25) and 20% (5/25), respectively. On the other hand, Treponema pedis (T. Pedis) was the most identified species in the udder cleft skin 80% (20/25), in comparison to DD lesions and foremilk samples with 68% (17/25) and 60% (15/25), respectively. None of the examined samples were identified by PCR as containing DNA from Treponema medium (T. Medium) or Treponema vincentii (T. vincentii)-like. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for detection of T. phagedenis-like and T. pedis from healthy skin of udder cleft and foremilk samples. Detection of DD Treponema spp. from udder cleft skin and foremilk samples indicates that these sites could be potential reservoirs for spirochetes involved in DD. Udder cleft skin and foremilk may have a role in transmission routes of DD Treponema in dairy farms.

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Section: Dd-associated Treponema Including T Pedis T Medium T Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection of Treponema species organisms in foremilk and udder cleft skin of dairy cows with digital dermatitis

Sobhy

Mahmmod

Refaai

et al. 2019

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…It has become increasingly apparent that other mammalian species, including small ruminants (sheep and goat) and wildlife (e.g., elk), can be affected with lesions of the hoof and skin that have significant similarities to DD (Clegg et al., ; Crosby‐Durrani et al., ; Duncan et al., ; Han & Mansfield, ). Interestingly, despite the presence of very similar organisms being isolated from these various hosts, the clinical manifestations of these diseases vary across the hosts as was eluded to before.…”

Section: The Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When treponemes are associated with non‐healing sole lesions in cattle, it is primarily believed to be the result of secondary infection of pre‐existing sole lesions such as sole ulcers, white line disease, toe necrosis and puncture wounds (Clegg, Bell et al., ; Clegg, Crosby‐Durrani et al., ; Clegg, Sullivan et al., ). In contrast, contagious ovine digital dermatitis, treponeme‐associated hoof lesions in dairy goats (Crosby‐Durrani et al., ; Sullivan, Evans, Clegg et al., ) and treponeme‐associated hoof lesions in elk (Clegg et al., ; Han & Mansfield, ) typically present with dermatitis along with under running of the sole and, in severe cases, complete avulsion of the hoof capsule. The propensity for development of these primary sole lesions in these host species raises questions regarding the difference in disease manifestation based on the host.…”

Section: The Hostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Missing pieces of the puzzle to effectively control digital dermatitis

Orsel

Plummer

Shearer

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Since the first report of bovine digital dermatitis (DD) in 1974, there is a large body of the literature published; however, effective prevention and control of the disease remain elusive. Although many aspects of the pathogenesis of DD have been investigated, even some of the most basic questions such as the aetiology of this disease remain under debate. Treponema spp. have been strongly associated with DD lesions and occur in abundance in advanced lesions; however, efforts to induce disease with pure cultures of these organisms have been largely underwhelming and inconsistent. Furthermore, although the disease has been presented for several decades, there is limited scientific evidence regarding effective treatment of DD. Apparent discrepancies between effectiveness in vitro and in vivo have challenged the scientific community to identify new potential treatment options. With no treatment resulting in a 100% cure rate, the current expectation is manageable control, but prospects for the eradication of the disease are unlikely using current approaches. In order to develop more effective approaches to control DD on-farm, there is a critical need for a deeper understanding regarding the causation, ecology, transmission and treatment of this disease. In this article, we attempt to provide insights into specific research needs related to DD in order to assist the industry, researchers, pharmaceutical companies and research sponsors with decision-making and identified research gaps.

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“…For these reasons, sheep lameness is most probably still under-detected and under-treated. Goat lameness is also emerging as an issue, particularly in dairy herds on high-concentrate diets [24] and as a consequence of infections [25].…”

Section: Lameness Is An Animal Welfare Problem In Most Livestock Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Lameness in Farmed Animals: An Urgent Need to Achieve Compliance with EU Animal Welfare Law

Nalon¹,

Stevenson²

2019

Animals

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Lameness is the clinical manifestation of a range of painful locomotory conditions affecting many species of farmed animals. Although these conditions have serious consequences for animal welfare, productivity, and longevity, the prevention and treatment of lameness continue to receive insufficient attention in most farming sectors across the European Union (EU). In this paper, we outline the legislative framework that regulates the handling of lameness and other painful conditions in farmed animals in the EU. We briefly outline the current situation in different livestock farming sectors. Finally, we make the case for the introduction of regular on-farm monitoring of lameness and for the setting of alarm thresholds that should trigger corrective actions.

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Severe Foot Lesions in Dairy Goats Associated with Digital Dermatitis Treponemes

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Molecular detection of Treponema species organisms in foremilk and udder cleft skin of dairy cows with digital dermatitis

Molecular detection of Treponema species organisms in foremilk and udder cleft skin of dairy cows with digital dermatitis

Missing pieces of the puzzle to effectively control digital dermatitis

Addressing Lameness in Farmed Animals: An Urgent Need to Achieve Compliance with EU Animal Welfare Law

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