Severe hearing loss in seniors: Surgical risks and audiological outcome after cochlear implantation

Abstract

Background: Aim of study was the evaluation of hearing improvement, quality of life and surgical risks in geriatric patients receiving a cochlear implant.Material and methods: 78 postlingual deafened patients older than 60 years (yrs) implanted between 2007 and 2012. The cohort was divided into 60-69 yrs (G II, n=35) and >70 yrs (G III, n=43). Subjective improvement in different everyday surroundings was evaluated by APHAB questionnaire. Improvement in quality of life was assessed by a QoL questionnaire. Preoperative risk factors and perioperative complications were analyzed via retrospective chart review. All subjects were categorized preoperatively according to ASA-Criteria. Audiological improvement was tested by Freiburger speech test for mono-and bisyllables. Results were compared to a younger control group aged 40-59 yrs (G I, n=39) having received CI in comparable conditions. 117 patients were included.Results: According to APHAB questionnaire all groups had a significant increase in perception in everyday surroundings. An improvement in quality of life was reported in all groups. No increase in surgical complications in the older groups was recorded. Seniors at age 60-69 yrs. do not differ from a younger control. No difference in speech perception was shown for bisyllabic words in G I, II, and III (98%, 65dB). G III showed a lower perception for monosyllabic words (53%, 65dB) than G I (63%, 65dB) and G II (58%, 65dB). Conclusion:Geriatric patients over 70 yrs. significantly benefit from cochlear implantation, though outcome in speech perception is marginally inferior to younger patients.