Severe Hypoxemia Secondary to Pulmonary Embolization Treated Successfully with the Use of a CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) Mask

Orta, David A.; Tucker, Natalie; Green, Lawrence E.; Yergin, Bruce M.; Olsen, Gerald N.

doi:10.1378/chest.74.5.588

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…NIV and CPAP have also been reported to have been useful in the management of respiratory failure associated with pulmonary embolism,31 hypothermia,32 malignancy,33 34 near drowning,35 myasthenia gravis,36 burns37 and acute respiratory distress syndrome 38. The usefulness and safety of CPAP and NIV has been questioned in chronic restrictive lung disease39 and Guillain-Barré syndrome 40…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive ventilation and continuous positive pressure ventilation in emergency departments: where are we now?

Bolton

Bleetman²

2008

Emergency Medicine Journal

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A number of emergency departments have introduced non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for patients presenting with acute respiratory failure. It is thought that early non-invasive respiratory support will avoid the need for invasive ventilation in many cases. This literature review studied current knowledge of NIV and CPAP in the acute setting with the aim of creating simple guidelines for hospitals initiating early non-invasive ventilatory support in emergency departments. NIV is effective in reducing intubation and mortality rates in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and CPAP is effective in reducing mortality in patients with cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, especially when implemented early. NIV and CPAP were also found to be effective in some other causes of acute respiratory failure. There is a role for non-invasive respiratory support in emergency departments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive ventilation and continuous positive pressure ventilation in emergency departments: where are we now?

Bolton

Bleetman²

2008

Emergency Medicine Journal

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“…Apart from its use in acute congestive pulmonary oedema (ACPO), there are relatively few well-conducted studies demonstrating efficacy in terms of improvement in oxygenation in cases of acute respiratory failure not secondary to ACPO. [1][2][3][4][5] Nevertheless, in the acute setting, CPAP is often advocated and applied as part of the treatment of hypoxaemia associated with different aetiologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Acute Respiratory Failure: The Importance of the Valve

Wagstaff

Glover

Soni

2012

Journal of the Intensive Care Society

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Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is known to improve oxygenation and although the exact mechanism is uncertain, the literature suggests that the positive pressure may have a significant role. There may be other mechanisms. In this study, a lung model was used to investigate the mean fractional inspired oxygen at different respiratory rates delivered by CPAP, a venturi mask with 15 L/min flow and a Hudson mask at 6 L/min flow. In each, the fractional inspired oxygen was set at 0.6. An observational study was then undertaken to determine the effect of CPAP at pressures of 0 cm H2O, 5 cm H2O and 10 cm H2O on oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory failure. The model demonstrated that while the CPAP delivered a fractional inspired oxygen of 0.6 at all respiratory rates and at all pressures, the venturi and Hudson masks both become less efficient as the respiratory rate rose. In patients with acute respiratory failure, there is an initial and immediate rise in the partial pressure of oxygen when the patient changes from a venturi mask to a CPAP system at a pressure of 0 cm H2O but there is no further increase in oxygenation at 5 or even 10 cm H2O. The respiratory rate does, however, decrease with time. The initial effects of CPAP on oxygenation are immediate but do not appear to be significantly influenced by pressure, at least within the first two hours.

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“…Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) and continuous positive airway pressure during spontaneous breathing (CPAP) have been shown to depress the cardiac function less than CMV, and thus offer noteworthy alternatives to CMV with and without PEEP in cases where prolonged therapy is needed and the patient is able to breathe spontaneously after open-heart operations (DOWNS et al 1977, ASKITOPOULOU et al 1978, VUORI et al 1979). Both IMV and CPAP have been successfully employed for weaning from CMV and treatment of pulmonary disorders (SCHMIDT et al 1976, SHAH et al 1977, ORTA et al 1978, VENUS et al 1979.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Haemodynamics and Oxygen Transport During CPAP With and Without Mandatory Ventilations

Vuori

Klossner

1981

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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Ten patients, subjected 16 h earlier to open-heart surgery (aortocoronary bypass and/or aortic valve replacement), were studied during the weaning period after postoperative mechanical ventilation. Central haemodynamics and oxygen transport were assessed along with total oxygen consumption during continuous positive airway pressure with four mandatory ventilations per minute (mode CPAP + IMV) and, subsequently, during CPAP alone. During the two modes of ventilation, airway pressure was adjusted to be equal during the spontaneous inspiratory phases. All parameters of haemodynamics, oxygenation and oxygen consumption were found to be essentially satisfactory and unchanged during both modes of ventilation. Our observations suggest that, as the parameters studied were unaltered with the change from CPAP + IMV to CPAP, the use of ventilatory support for these patients during the weaning period (in the form of four mandatory ventilations per minute) appears, in terms of central haemodynamics and oxygen transport, to be well tolerated in cases where adequate spontaneous ventilation is in doubt.

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Severe Hypoxemia Secondary to Pulmonary Embolization Treated Successfully with the Use of a CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) Mask

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Non-invasive ventilation and continuous positive pressure ventilation in emergency departments: where are we now?

Non-invasive ventilation and continuous positive pressure ventilation in emergency departments: where are we now?

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Acute Respiratory Failure: The Importance of the Valve

Central Haemodynamics and Oxygen Transport During CPAP With and Without Mandatory Ventilations

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