Severe skeletal lesions, osteopenia and growth deficit in a child with pulmonary tuberculosis (mid-20th century, Portugal)

Gooderham, Ellie; Marinho, Luísa; Spake, Laure; Fisk, Shera; Prates, Carlos; Sousa, Sandra; Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Algaves Soares de; Santos, Ana Luı́sa; Cardoso, Hugo F.V.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2020.03.002

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…There was a statistically significant positive correlation between children suffering from growth faltering and respiratory infections, including TB. This is in accordance with a study by Gooderham et al (2020), who also identified this link in medieval Portugal. Three of the five individuals with signs of TB had z ‐score values ranging from −4.70 to −14.29, indicating a severe growth disruption; the two other affected individuals could not be assessed for growth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Growing up in the suburbs: Growth faltering and disease burden in the children from 16th to 18th century Tallinn, Estonia

Vilumets,

Aguraiuja‐Lätti,

Lewis

2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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This paper presents the results of the first large‐scale study of children from early modern northern Estonia. A total of 191 non‐adults (<17 years) from the 16th–18th century Tõnismägi cemetery in the suburbs of Tallinn were analyzed to gain a better understanding of the health and living environment of these low‐status children. This was achieved through growth analysis and palaeopathological investigation of metabolic and respiratory diseases such as scurvy, vitamin D deficiency, and tuberculosis. Growth disruption was shown to be the most severe among non‐adults aged between 4 and 9 years and comparable to children living in post‐medieval London. It is unlikely that the children from Tallinn would have experienced the same level of industrial hazards as those in London, but poor socioeconomic status, an impoverished diet, and unsanitary living conditions in the suburbs had a detrimental effect on the growth of these non‐adults. This was supported by a statistically significant correlation between growth faltering and respiratory infections and evidence for scurvy in 40% of the infants (n = 30). The most likely cause was early weaning and a diet devoid of vitamin C, induced by poverty and cultural practices. The prevalence of rickets was much lower when compared with other post‐medieval populations in Europe, at just 1.2%. This suggests that children living in Tallinn were not deprived of sunlight and may have had access to more green spaces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Growing up in the suburbs: Growth faltering and disease burden in the children from 16th to 18th century Tallinn, Estonia

Vilumets,

Aguraiuja‐Lätti,

Lewis

2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…Some diagnoses are discussed further in Appendix S1. Most studies used imaging to further characterize skeletal lesions or anomalies that were first identified through gross inspection (Arrieta et al, 2018; Buckley, 2000; Colombo et al, 2018; Gaither, 2012; Gooderham et al, 2020; MacKinnon, 2016; Mays et al, 2014; Nikitovic et al, 2012; Santos & Roberts, 2001; Watts & Valme, 2018). In other cases, radiographs were only acquired to assist with aging (Cowgill, 2007).…”

Section: Literature Review: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric paleoradiology: Applications and best practice protocols for image acquisition and reporting

Schaik

Tsai

Liston

et al. 2022

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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This paper aggregates and summarizes studies that use paleoradiology techniques in the analysis of pediatric remains. Building on these findings, we offer evidence-based, best-practice protocols for the use of radiographic techniques in the assessment of pediatric remains from archaeological contexts. We also provide a recommended reporting worksheet for recording findings in a standardized way. After reviewing studies of pediatric remains that used radiographic techniques, with a focus on three major bioarchaeological journals, PubMed, and the Yearbook of Mummy Studies, we identified areas for improvement in the acquisition and reporting of paleoradio-

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“…Replacing a long bone length for a stature estimate in these profiles will add an unnecessary amount of error associated with the stature estimation, and thus, many researchers prefer to use the raw long bone lengths directly. Nonetheless, a stature estimate can be useful for either single individuals or samples, as stature is more directly comparable with modern living children [10,11], and osteobiographies often rely on other personal features, including stature, to provide a picture of the individual [12]. There are currently few child stature estimation methods, which is very likely the result of the scarcity of data sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New More Generic and Inclusive Regression Formulae for the Estimation of Stature from Long Bone Lengths in Children

Murray,

Spake,

Cervantes

et al. 2024

Forensic Sciences

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Existing child stature estimation methods have a number of disadvantages. This paper addresses some of these limitations by developing regression-based stature estimation formulae that are more generic and inclusive. A sample of 142 individuals under 12 years of age from the Hamann—Todd Human Osteological Collection and the New Mexico Decedent Images Database were used to generate five least squares linear regression formulae to estimate stature from the diaphyseal length of long bones. All models showed excellent fits to the data (R2 close to or at 0.98), and internal validation confirmed the stability and accuracy of model parameters. External validation was performed using a sample of 14 individuals from the Lisbon Collection and the Victoria Institute of Forensic Medicine. Overall, the humerus provides the most accurate estimate of stature, but the femur and tibia showed the greatest coverage. These formulae can be used in a variety of contexts and are not dependent on group affiliation, including sex.

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Severe skeletal lesions, osteopenia and growth deficit in a child with pulmonary tuberculosis (mid-20th century, Portugal)

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Growing up in the suburbs: Growth faltering and disease burden in the children from 16th to 18th century Tallinn, Estonia

Growing up in the suburbs: Growth faltering and disease burden in the children from 16th to 18th century Tallinn, Estonia

Pediatric paleoradiology: Applications and best practice protocols for image acquisition and reporting

New More Generic and Inclusive Regression Formulae for the Estimation of Stature from Long Bone Lengths in Children

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