Severity and Treatment Difficulty of Impacted Maxillary Canine among Orthodontic Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: The current study aimed to evaluate the severity and treatment difficulty of impacted maxillary canines and their relationship with gender, age group, and bucco-palatal position. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2021. Patients’ data and panoramic radiography were obtained from the orthodontic clinic at King Saud University’s Dental University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The severity factors and treatment difficulty index were used to assess the impacted maxillary canines. Statistical analyses were performed utilizing a chi-square test for categorical variables and an independent t-test for numerical variables, and a p-value of ≤0.05. Results: There were 171 impacted maxillary canines in total, with a female-to-male subject ratio (11:8) and a mean age (18.7 years). Overall, 77.2% of impacted upper canines were found to be palatal. The severity of canine impaction parameters showed no significant sex or age group predilection. Buccally impacted maxillary canines were characterized by a preferable angulation to the midline, compared to the palatally impacted maxillary canines (p = 0.012). The horizontal overlap of the impacted maxillary canine cusp tip revealed a significant association with the bucco-palatal position of the impacted canine (p < 0.001). Palatal impaction was located more frequently in sectors 3 and 4. Male patients were found to have a higher total score in terms of the treatment difficulty index relative to females (p = 0.046). Conclusion: Despite the severity parameters having revealed no significant gender predilection, males were found to have higher treatment difficulty in maxillary canine impaction than females. The severity of the palatally impacted canine is greater than that of buccal impaction in terms of angulation to the midline and horizontal overlap.

Prevalence of canine impaction in the western province of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey

“…Several prognostic markers for predicting the complexity of treatment of impacted canines have been described in the literature, as orthodontic alignment of impacted canines to their normal position may require extensive and lengthy treatment. [ 38 39 40 ] However, predictions of success are currently grounded primarily in clinical experience and anecdotal evidence.…”

Prevalence of canine impaction in different cities of Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

“…( Afify and Zawawi, 2012 , Alamri et al, 2020 , Alassiry, 2019 , Alassiry, 2019 , Alhammadi et al, 2018 , Alhumaid et al, 2020 , Almarhoumi et al, 2022 , Alyami et al, 2019 , Al-Zoubi et al, 2017 , Baidas et al, 2022 , Elkhateeb et al, 2015 , Fawzan et al, 2017 , Haralur et al, 2017 , Melha et al, 2017 , Mustafa, 2014 , Patil and Maheshwari, 2014 ).…”

Pulpite irreversível sintomática em canino impactado devido a dificuldades de tratamento ortodôntico

“…Os pacientes do sexo masculino apresentaram uma pontuação total mais alta em termos do índice de dificuldade de tratamento em relação às mulheres. Concluíram que apesar dos parâmetros de gravidade não terem revelado nenhuma predileção significativa por gênero, os homens apresentaram maior dificuldade de tratamento na impactação do canino maxilar do que as mulheres (Baidas et al 2022). A tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico e a radiografia panorâmica na avaliação da posição do canino superior impactado e da reabsorção radicular de dentes adjacentes em estudos mostra canino valendo-se de ambos métodos imagem incluídos 17 artigos com 877 pacientes e idade média de 17,6 anos e 1.115 caninos impactados.…”