Severity of injury resulting from pedestrian–vehicle crashes: What can we learn from examining the built environment?

Clifton, Kelly J.; Burnier, Carolina; Akar, Gulsah

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2009.01.001

Cited by 194 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

104

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Older pedestrians are more likely to be severely injured or even killed in collisions [14,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Younger drivers that are more likely to have risky behaviors lead to a greater fatality risk when they are involved in crashes [19,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Environmental Designs in Promoting Pedestrian Safety

2015

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined two-level (road environments and census tracts) built environments related to the probability of severe injury for pedestrians. In total, 1407 pedestrian-vehicle crashes (years 2008-2012) were identified from 140 census tracts in the city of Austin. Two multilevel models were applied to examine pedestrian injury severity by using level-1 factors (individual characteristics, road environments, and area characteristics around the crash location) and level-2 factors (characteristics of census tracts). The results demonstrated the importance of using the multi-level model to avoid the biased results from employing the single-level model. This study showed that the likelihood of being severely injured or killed decreased when vehicles turned left, when crashes occurred at intersections, when there were traffic control devices at the crash location, and when crashes occurred during inclement weather conditions. Areas with higher sidewalk densities and higher percentage of commercial uses were negative correlates, while population density was a positive predictor. Pedestrian injury severity has been and will continue to be an important topic for the fields of public health. Future safety programs should focus on providing connected sidewalks and on populated areas.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Environmental Designs in Promoting Pedestrian Safety

2015

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For the sake of simplicity, we are only comparing the entropy index in this study. The Herfindahl index has been used in a number of studies, including recent research on the influence of built form factors on pedestrian injury severity levels (Clifton, Burnier et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is mixed use? Presenting an interaction method for measuring land use mix

Manaugh

Kreider

2013

JTLU

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In recent decades, the mixing of complementary land uses has become an increasingly important goal in transportation and land use planning. Land uses mix has been shown to be an influential factor in travel behavior (mode choice and distance traveled), improved health outcomes, and neighborhood-level quality of life. However, quantifying the extent to which a given area is mixed-use has proven difficult. Much of the existing research on the mixing of land uses has focused on the presence and proportion of different uses as opposed to the extent to which they actually interact with one another. This study proposes a new measure of land use mix, a land use interaction method-which accounts for the extent to which complementary land uses adjoin one another-using only basic land use data. After mapping and analyzing the results, several statistical models are built to show the relationship between this new measure and reported travel behavior. The models presented show the usefulness of the approach by significantly improving the model fit in comparison to a commonly-used land use mix index, while controlling for socio-demographic and built form factors in three large Canadian cities (Vancouver, Toronto, and Montreal). Our results suggest that simple, area-based, measures of land use mix do not adequately capture the subtleties of land use mix. The degree to which an area shows fine-grained patterns of land use is shown to be more highly correlated with behavior outcomes than indices based solely on the proportions of land use categories.

show abstract

“…Also, as the choice of an initial threshold for displacement distance is somewhat arbitrary since no evaluation of data utility may be conducted until the household has been geographically perturbed, this decision of an outer-ring radius should also be guided by theory or common practice. In studying the link between nonautomotive travel and the built environment, researchers often employ straight-line buffers extending from the household's physical location (Clifton et al, 2009), which are drawn at a distance covering the range that an individual would likely consider when walking. A number of studies have examined the built environment within one-half mile or one mile areal buffers (Krizek, 2003;McGinn et al, 2007), while others have looked at the built environment within smaller one-quarter mile buffers (Lee and Mouden, 2006) or larger one and one-half mile buffers (Schlossberg, 2006).…”

Section: Random Geographic Perturbation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Wider Dissemination of Household Travel Survey Data Using Geographical Perturbation Methods

Clifton¹,

Gehrke²

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severity of injury resulting from pedestrian–vehicle crashes: What can we learn from examining the built environment?

Cited by 194 publications

References 13 publications

Built Environmental Designs in Promoting Pedestrian Safety

Built Environmental Designs in Promoting Pedestrian Safety

What is mixed use? Presenting an interaction method for measuring land use mix

Wider Dissemination of Household Travel Survey Data Using Geographical Perturbation Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About