Severity of Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalised adults: a prospective cohort study in Bristol, United Kingdom

Hyams, Catherine; Challen, Robert; Nguyen, Jennifer; Begier, Elizabeth; Southern, Jo; King, Jade; Kinney, Jane; Clout, Madeleine; Oliver, Jennifer; Gray, Sharon; Ellsbury, Gillian; Maskell, Nick A; Jódar, Luis; Gessner, Bradford D.; McLaughlin, John M.; Danon, León; Finn, Adam; Morley, Anna; Langdon, Amelia; Turner, Anabella; Mattocks, Anya; Osborne, Bethany; Grimes, Charli; Mitchell, Claire; Adegbite, David; Bridgeman, Emma; Scott, Emma C.; Perkins, Fiona; Bayley, Francesca; Ruffino, Gabriella; Valentine, Gabriella; Tilzey, Grace; Campling, James; Wright, Johanna Kellett; Brzezinska, Julia; Cloake, Julie; Milutinovic, Katarina; Helliker, Kate; Maughan, Katie; Fox, Kazminder; Minou, Konstantina; Ward, Lana; Fleming, Leah; Morrison, Leigh; Smart, Lily; Wright, Louise; Grimwood, Lucy; Bellavia, Maddalena; Clout, Madeleine; Vasquez, Marianne; González, María García; Jeenes-Flanagan, Milo; Chang, Natalie; Grace, Niall; Manning, Nicola; Griffiths, Oliver; Croxford, Pip; Sequenza, Peter; Lazarus, Rajeka; Walters, Rhian; Marlow, Robin; Heath, Robyn; Antico, Rupert; Arachchge, Sandi Nammuni; Suppiah, Seevakumar; Mona, Taslima; Riaz, Tawassal; Mackay, Vicki; Maseko, Zandile; Taylor, Zoe; Friedrich, Zsolt; Szasz-Benczur, Zsuzsa

doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100556

Cited by 102 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Studies in adults [34][35][36][37] found an increased risk of hospital admission and severe COVID-19 during the Delta period compared to preceding variants (Wildtype and Alpha). Omicron was associated with less severe disease but still resulted in substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in risk groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparing SARS-CoV-2 variants among children and adolescents in Germany: relative risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality

et al. 2023

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Purpose SARS-CoV-2 infections cause COVID-19 and have a wide spectrum of morbidity. Severe disease courses among children are rare. To date, data on the variability of morbidity in relation to variant of concern (VOC) in children has been sparse and inconclusive. We compare the clinical severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children and adolescents in Germany during the Wildtype and Alpha combined, Delta and Omicron phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Comparing risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death due to COVID-19 in children and adolescents, we used: (1) a multi-center seroprevalence study (SARS-CoV-2-KIDS study); (2) a nationwide registry of pediatric patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infections; and (3) compulsory national reporting for RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in Germany. Results During the Delta predominant phase, risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization among all SARS-CoV-2 seropositive children was 3.35, ICU admission 1.19 and fatality 0.09 per 10,000; hence about halved for hospitalization and ICU admission and unchanged for deaths as compared to the Wildtype- and Alpha-dominant period. The relative risk for COVID-19-related hospitalization and ICU admission compared to the alpha period decreased during Delta [0.60 (95% CI 0.54; 0.67) and 0.51 (95% CI 0.42; 0.61)] and Omicron [0.27 (95% CI 0.24; 0.30) and 0.06 (95% CI 0.05; 0.08)] period except for the < 5-year-olds. The rate of case fatalities decreased slightly during Delta, and substantially during Omicron phase. Conclusion Morbidity caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections among children and adolescents in Germany decreased over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, as different VOCs) emerged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparing SARS-CoV-2 variants among children and adolescents in Germany: relative risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality

et al. 2023

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“…One factor likely contributing to this lower rate was the introduction of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 as our study began, associated with a milder form of the disease and a decreased risk for hospitalization and death ( 23 , 24 ). Our enrollment period spanned the peaks of infection associated with the Delta and Omicron variants of COVID-19 in the United States during the study, which have also been associated with differences in severity of illness ( 24 , 25 ). Most patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 after the vaccines became available were unvaccinated persons ( 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thromboprophylaxis on Clinical Outcomes After COVID-19 Hospitalization

et al. 2023

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Thromboembolism has been noted to be an important complication in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from the beginning of the pandemic. A National Institutes of Health–sponsored, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was done to determine if extended thromboprophylaxis after hospital discharge would reduce deaths and thromboembolic events. The trial was done during 2021 to 2022, spanning the period when the Omicron and Delta variants were circulating and when there was a decreasing rate of hospitalization with COVID-19.

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“…Further, titering of viral particles showed lower numbers of plaques for dilutions of omicron when compared to the same dilution series of the delta variant. This might attribute to the less severe disease manifestation during omicron infections [ 20 ]. However, further studies are required to assess this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization with Antibody Levels in Vaccinated Individuals

Chowdhury

Riley

Mikolajczyk

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Neutralizing antibody titers are an important measurement of the effectiveness of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Our laboratory has set out to further verify the functionality of these antibodies by measuring the neutralization capacity of patient samples against infectious SARS-CoV-2. Samples from patients from Western New York who had been vaccinated with the original Moderna and Pfizer vaccines (two doses) were tested for neutralization of both Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (BA.5). Strong correlations between antibody levels and neutralization of the delta variant were attained; however, antibodies from the first two doses of the vaccines did not have good neutralization coverage of the subvariant omicron BA.5. Further studies are ongoing with local patient samples to determine correlation following updated booster administration.

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Severity of Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalised adults: a prospective cohort study in Bristol, United Kingdom

Cited by 102 publications

References 26 publications

Comparing SARS-CoV-2 variants among children and adolescents in Germany: relative risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality

Comparing SARS-CoV-2 variants among children and adolescents in Germany: relative risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality

Effect of Thromboprophylaxis on Clinical Outcomes After COVID-19 Hospitalization

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization with Antibody Levels in Vaccinated Individuals

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