Sevoflurane anaesthesia in chickens during spontaneous and controlled ventilation

Naganobu, Kiyokazu; Ise, K.; Miyamoto, Tomofumi; Hagio, Mitsuyoshi

doi:10.1136/vr.152.2.45

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The MAC value, however, may vary considerably among avian species (Mercado and others 2008) and can be influenced by many physiological factors (body temperature, metabolic rate, blood CO 2 tension and large variations in blood pressure; Quasha and others 1980). In the current study, as in several other studies determining MAC values in birds (Ludders and others 1989, Naganobu and Hagio 2000, Naganobu and others 2003, Kim and others 2011, Escobar and others 2012, Phair and others 2012), body temperature remained stable during all the anaesthetic procedures. Consequently, body temperature was unlikely to have influenced these results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Anaesthesia with sevoflurane in pigeons: minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) determination and investigation of cardiorespiratory variables at 1 MAC

et al. 2016

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The objective of the study was to determine the minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane (SEVO) in pigeons and investigate the effects of 1 MAC SEVO anaesthesia on cardiovascular and respiratory variables compared with the awake state. This is a prospective, experimental study. Animals were seven healthy adult pigeons. After acclimatisation to handling, heart rate (HR), heart rhythm, respiratory rate (fR), end-expired carbon dioxide tension (PE'CO2), inspired CO2 tension, indirect systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP) and cloacal temperature were measured to determine baseline, 'awake' values. Pigeons were then anaesthetised with SEVO and MAC was determined by the 'bracketing' method. The same variables were monitored during a 40 minute period at 1.0 MAC SEVO for each bird. Mean MAC was 3.0±0.6 per cent for SEVO. During maintenance of anaesthesia at 1.0 MAC, SAP decreased significantly (P<0.001) without any significant change in HR. Although PE'CO2 increased significantly (P=0.001) despite an increase in fR, awake PE'CO2 values were unexpectedly low. Sinus arrhythmias were detected in two birds under SEVO anaesthesia. The times to tracheal intubation and to recovery were 2.5±0.7 and 6.4±1.7 minutes, respectively. Recovery was rapid and uneventful in all birds. In conclusion, SEVO is suitable for anaesthesia in pigeons.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Anaesthesia with sevoflurane in pigeons: minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) determination and investigation of cardiorespiratory variables at 1 MAC

et al. 2016

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“…Both ISO and SEVO resulted in a smooth, rapid induction to and a relatively smooth recovery from anesthesia in captive adult crested serpent eagles, consistent with previous reports in bald eagles, chickens and psittacines [25, 34, 39]. Rapider induction and recovery is desirable following extensive anesthetic periods or in debilitated eagles [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Anesthesia with Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in the Crested Serpent Eagle (<i>Spilornis cheela hoya</i>): Minimum Anesthetic Concentration, Physiological Effects, Hematocrit, Plasma Chemistry and Behavioral Effects

et al. 2013

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The initial goal of this study was to determine the minimum anesthetic concentration (MAC) for isoflurane (ISO) and sevoflurane (SEVO) for the crested serpent eagle. Next, we compared the anesthetic effects of each on the physiological effects, hematocrit, plasma chemistry values and behavior in spontaneously breathing captive adult crested serpent eagles. Sixteen eagles were randomly allocated to two groups for anesthesia with ISO (n=8) or SEVO (n=8). First, we measured the MAC values of ISO and SEVO, and four weeks later, we investigated the effect of each on the physiological effects, hematocrit (HCT) and plasma chemistry values. The MAC values of ISO and SEVO for crested serpent eagles were 1.46 ± 0.30 and 2.03 ± 0.32%, respectively. The results revealed no significant differences between the two anesthetics in induction time, while time of extubation to recovery was significantly shorter with SEVO. A time-related increase in end-tidal CO2 and decreases in body temperature and respiratory rates were observed during anesthesia with each anesthetic. There were no significant differences between the effect of the two anesthetics on heart rate, hematocrit, plasma chemistry values or respiration, although each caused minor respiration depression. We concluded that SEVO is a more effective inhalant agent than ISO for use in eagles, showing the most rapidest induction and recovery from anesthesia.

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“…Sevoflurane is likely less apt to induce arrhythmias because it does not sensitise the myocardium to catecholamines [37]. In our study, the PaCO 2 at the moment in which the MAD was determined was significantly increased compared with the baseline value in all groups but was compatible with the results obtained in chickens (46 mmHg with 2.2% sevoflurane) [30] and thick-billed parrots (38.6 mmHg with 2.35% sevoflurane) [12]. Moreover, the PaCO 2 values in this study were lower than those reported in ducks (57.2 ± 4.2 and 93.9 ± 11.8 mmHg using 1.0 and 1.5 MAD isoflurane, respectively) [34] and parrots (55.87 mmHg with 3.44% sevoflurane) [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…A decrease in respiratory rate was observed in all of the groups analysed after determining the MAD (T2) in comparison with baseline (T0), and there were no significant differences among the groups, suggesting that premedication does not significantly potentiate this decrease. The respiratory rates measured after the application of the anaesthetic (T2) were similar to those observed in another study in the same species [16] and in thick-billed parrots [12] and higher than the values observed in chickens [30]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This increase is likely a result of a significant decrease in blood pressure related to the higher concentration of inhaled anaesthetic verified in this group at this time point. Similar results were observed in chickens anaesthetised with sevoflurane, in which the HR increased and the SBP decreased with increasing inhaled concentrations [30]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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The effect of premedication with ketamine, alone or with diazepam, on anaesthesia with sevoflurane in parrots (Amazona aestiva)

et al. 2013

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BackgroundPremedication is rarely used in avian species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of premedication on the quality of sevoflurane induction and anaesthesia in parrots. We hypothesised that premedication would facilitate handling and decrease the minimum anaesthetic dose (MAD). Thirty-six adult parrots were randomly distributed in three groups: group S (n = 12) was premedicated with NaCl 0.9%; group KS (n = 12) was premedicated with 10 mg.kg-1 ketamine; and group KDS (n = 12) was premedicated with 10 mg.kg-1 ketamine and 0.5 mg.kg-1 diazepam, delivered intramuscularly. After induction using 4.5% sevoflurane introduced through a facemask, the MAD was determined for each animal. The heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic arterial blood pressure (SAP), and cloacal temperature (CT) were recorded before premedication (T0), 15 minutes after premedication (T1), and after MAD determination (T2). Arterial blood gas analyses were performed at T0 and T2. The quality of anaesthesia was evaluated using subjective scales based on animal behaviour and handling during induction, maintenance, and recovery. Statistical analyses were performed using analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Tukey’s or Dunn’s tests.ResultsThe minimal anaesthetic doses obtained were 2.4 ± 0.37%, 1.7 ± 0.39%, and 1.3 ± 0.32% for groups S, KS, and KDS, respectively. There were no differences in HR, RR, or CT among groups, but SAP was significantly lower in group S. Sedation was observed in both the premedicated S-KS and S-KDS groups. There were no differences in the quality of intubation and recovery from anaesthesia among the three groups, although the induction time was significantly shorter in the pre-medicated groups, and the KS group showed less muscle relaxation.ConclusionsKetamine alone or the ketamine/diazepam combination decreased the MAD of sevoflurane in parrots (Amazona aestiva). Ketamine alone or in combination with diazepam promoted a good quality of sedation, which improved handling and reduced the stress of the birds. All protocols provided safe anaesthesia in this avian species.

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Sevoflurane anaesthesia in chickens during spontaneous and controlled ventilation

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Anaesthesia with sevoflurane in pigeons: minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) determination and investigation of cardiorespiratory variables at 1 MAC

Anaesthesia with sevoflurane in pigeons: minimal anaesthetic concentration (MAC) determination and investigation of cardiorespiratory variables at 1 MAC

Anesthesia with Isoflurane and Sevoflurane in the Crested Serpent Eagle (<i>Spilornis cheela hoya</i>): Minimum Anesthetic Concentration, Physiological Effects, Hematocrit, Plasma Chemistry and Behavioral Effects

The effect of premedication with ketamine, alone or with diazepam, on anaesthesia with sevoflurane in parrots (Amazona aestiva)

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