Sex and hemisphere differences when mentally rotating meaningful and meaningless stimuli

Rilea, Stacy

doi:10.1080/13576500701809846

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, a recent meta-analysis of studies combining behavioural measures of cognitive ability with neuroimaging techniques revealed that the predicted pattern of concurrent differences in hemispheric specialization and abilities between men and women is actually rarely obtained (Hirnstein et al, 2018). For example, for male compared to female participants, Hahn et al (2010) reported stronger hemispheric asymmetry but not superior mental rotation, while Rilea (2008) reported superior mental rotation but not stronger hemispheric asymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude of sex differences in visual search varies with target eccentricity

2020

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A recent meta-analysis found no support for the popular theory that superior visuospatial ability in males is attributable to their relatively greater hemispheric asymmetry of neural functions. However, the issue of whether differences in hemispheric laterality could account for differences in visual perception between the sexes has not been systematically investigated. Visual search is an ideal task for such an investigation, as target-position can be systematically varied across the visual field allowing for a detailed analysis of how performance varies with visual field and eccentricity. We recruited 539 undergraduate participants (150 male) and administered a visual search task that required them to identify the presence of a uniquely-oriented triangle amongst distractors. Crucially, target location was systematically varied over the visual field across trials. Males displayed both superior accuracy and shorter reaction time when targets were presented in the left visual field, whilst sex differences systematically diminished when the target was located further rightward. These behavioural results are in line with the notion that greater hemispheric asymmetry in males influences task performance to a varying extent across the visual field, and illustrates the importance of considering task parameters and the influence of sex in behavioural research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude of sex differences in visual search varies with target eccentricity

2020

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“…Because of lateralization effects in visuospatial tasks, we selected only right-handed men. 25 All participants underwent a neuropsychological assessment examining various cognitive functions. Details of exclusion and inclusion criteria and the neuropsychological assessment are described in appendix e-1 on the Neurology Web site at www.neurology.org.…”

Section: Participants Eighteen Patients With Amnesticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional integration of parietal lobe activity in early Alzheimer's disease

Jacobs¹,

Boxtel²,

Heinecke³

et al. 2012

Klin Neurophysiol

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Objectives: Parietal lobe dysfunction is an important characteristic of early Alzheimer disease (AD). Functional studies have shown conflicting parietal activation patterns indicative of either compensatory or dysfunctional mechanisms. This study aimed at examining activation differences in early AD using a visuospatial task. We focused on functional characteristics of the parietal lobe and examined compensation or disconnection mechanisms by combining a fMRI task with effective connectivity measures from Granger causality mapping (GCM).Methods: Eighteen male patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 18 male cognitively healthy older individuals were given a mental rotation task with different rotation angles.Results: There were no behavioral group differences on the fMRI task. Separate measurements at each angle revealed widespread activation group differences. More temporal and parietal activation in the higher angle condition was observed in patients with aMCI. The parametric modulation, which identifies regions associated with increasing angle, confirmed these results. The GCM showed increased connectivity within the parietal lobe and between parietal and temporal regions in patients with aMCI. Decreased connectivity was found between the inferior parietal lobule and posterior cingulate gyrus. Connectivity patterns correlated with memory performance scores in patients with aMCI.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate increased effective temporoparietal connectivity in patients with aMCI, while maintaining intact behavioral performance. This might be a compensational mechanism to counteract a parietal-posterior cingulate gyrus disconnection. These findings highlight the importance of connectivity changes in the pathophysiology of AD. In addition, effective connectivity may be a promising method for evaluating interventions aimed at the promotion of compensatory mechanisms. Neurology ® 2012;78:352-360 GLOSSARY AD ϭ Alzheimer disease; aMCI ϭ amnestic mild cognitive impairment; CDR ϭ Clinical Dementia Rating; CSTE ϭ Cluster-level Statistical Threshold Estimator; DMN ϭ default mode network; FA ϭ flip angle; FOV ϭ field of view; GCM ϭ Granger causality mapping; MCI ϭ mild cognitive impairment; MTL ϭ medial temporal lobe; MUMC؉ ϭ Memory Clinic of the Maastricht University Medical Center; ROI ϭ region of interest; RT ϭ reaction time; TE ϭ echo time; TR ϭ repetition time.Parietal lobe dysfunction in early Alzheimer disease (AD) has been shown abundantly in both postmortem 1,2 and neuroimaging 3,4 studies. fMRI studies in early AD have shown indications for either compensation or functional loss. [5][6][7][8] Compensatory mechanisms have been observed in medial temporal but also in parietal areas. 5,7,9 Early AD has been associated with a disconnection between lobes with increased intralobe connectivity, 10 although some studies have reported interlobe disconnection. 10,11 Compensation reflects increased activation in one or more regions in order to maintain behavioral performance, while disconn...

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“…Mishkin, Ungerleider & Macko, 1983) unterschieden: eines für die Objektwahrnehmung, ein anderes für die Wahrnehmung des Raumes. Milner und Goodale (1995, 2008, zit. nach Eysenk, 2011 und Goodale und Milner (2004) Bertenthal (1996) auch "how"-System bezeichnet.…”

Section: Modell Von Milner Und Goodaleunclassified

Wahrnehmung und Vorstellung von Bewegungen - Studien im Kontext des Erwerbs sportlicher Fertigkeiten in der Kindheit

Salb¹

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Sex and hemisphere differences when mentally rotating meaningful and meaningless stimuli

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Magnitude of sex differences in visual search varies with target eccentricity

Magnitude of sex differences in visual search varies with target eccentricity

Functional integration of parietal lobe activity in early Alzheimer's disease

Wahrnehmung und Vorstellung von Bewegungen - Studien im Kontext des Erwerbs sportlicher Fertigkeiten in der Kindheit

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