Sex and Race (Black-White) Differences in the Relationship of Childhood Risk Factors to Adulthood Arterial Stiffness: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Li, Shengxu; Chen, Wei; Mu, Yun; Fernandez, Camilo; Krousel‐Wood, Marie; Webber, Larry S.; Srinivasan, Sathanur R.; Berenson, Gerald S.

doi:10.1097/maj.0000000000000264

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Other countries accounted for 6%. The number of publications from non-Asian countries is expected to increase in the future as large-scale studies, including the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and the Bogalusa Heart Study [11] in the US, have adopted the use of baPWV.…”

Section: ‘Bapwv Is Used Only In Japan'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity: Myths, Misconceptions, and Realities

Sugawara

Tanaka

2015

Pulse

180

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A variety of techniques to evaluate central arterial stiffness have been developed and introduced. None of these techniques, however, have been implemented widely in regular clinical settings, except for brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The most prominent procedural advantage of baPWV is its ease of use, since it only requires the wrapping of blood pressure cuffs on the 4 extremities. There is mounting evidence indicating the ability of baPWV to predict the risk of future cardiovascular events and total mortality. Additionally, the guidelines for the management of hypertension in Japan recommended the measurement of baPWV be included in the assessment of subclinical target organ damage. However, baPWV has not been fully accepted worldwide due to perceived theoretical and methodological issues. In this review, we address the most frequently mentioned questions and concerns regarding baPWV to shed some light on this simple and easy arterial stiffness measurement.

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Section: ‘Bapwv Is Used Only In Japan'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity: Myths, Misconceptions, and Realities

Sugawara

Tanaka

2015

Pulse

180

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“…22 The Bogalusa Heart Study followed 680 children for an average of 26.3 years and measured baPWV in adulthood. 23 As in the Young Finns study, childhood systolic BP was the most powerful predictor of adult PWV (P < .001). BMI was also important, such that a 1-SD increase in childhood BMI was associated with a 31 cm/ second reduction in adult baPWV.…”

Section: Arterial Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 74%

Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Youth: Relation to Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Mendizábal

Urbina

2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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ardiometabolic risk factors associated with the development of insulin resistance (IR), such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, promote the development of atherosclerosis. These cardiovascular risk factors not only are evident in youth, but also are known to track into adulthood. Unfortunately, risk factor-related vascular changes are occurring early in life, as seen in data from autopsies performed on participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study, where adverse values of body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), smoking, and serum cholesterol-specifically total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-were associated with coronary and aortic fatty streaks in subjects aged 2-39 years. 1 Similar findings (other than an association with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) were seen in the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) autopsy study. 2 Recent studies in youth have used noninvasive testing to demonstrate early atherosclerosis. These studies have used various modalities to differentiate "normal" and "accelerated" vascular aging by demonstrating adverse changes in the arteries in high-risk youth. In a recent article published in The Journal, Hughan et al 3 compared pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), reflecting atherosclerosis, and endothelial function biomarkers among girls with obesity with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy, normal-weight girls in a crosssectional fashion. 3 They found significantly stiffer arteries (ie, increased PWV) in the obese youth with or without PCOS compared with controls, even when adjusted for age, race, and BP (P = .002). There was no difference in cIMT among the 3 groups; however, there were differences in endothelial biomarkers, specifically VCAM-1 (P = .03). In addition, correlations between PWV and traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors demonstrated that PWV had the closest correlation with BMI. The authors concluded that obesity is the more important factor leading to abnormalities in vascular function in PCOS. In this review, we discuss the available evidence linking obesity-related CV risk factors in youth and the noninvasive measures of vascular structure and function.

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“…38 When Muscatine Heart Study data were included, it was determined that childhood cardiovascular risk score measured as early as 9 years of age predicted high cIMT in adulthood. 39 Both the Bogalusa Heart Study 40 and the Young Finns studies 41 found that cardiovascular risk factors measured in youth, especially blood pressure 40,42,43 predicted PWV as an adult. Similarly, Young Finns and Childhood Determinants of Adult Health found passive smoke exposure at age 3-18 years predicted lower FMD 19-27 years later.…”

Section: Vascular Target Organ Damage Related To Blood Pressure Inmentioning

confidence: 99%