Sex-based differences in hepatic and skeletal muscle triglyceride storage and metabolism

Beaudry, Kayleigh M; Devries, Michaela C.

doi:10.1139/apnm-2018-0635

Cited by 48 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Because TG was a continuous variable in this study, we used the GAM to identify the nonlinear association between TGs and ectopic fat obesity. After adjusting other covariables, an inverted U-shaped curve association was observed between TGs and ectopic fat obesity, and the curve inflection points of TGs was in the range of 3.5-4 mmol/L as shown in Fig 1. According to gender as a stratification factor [29,30], we fitted the association between TGs and ectopic fat…”

Section: Analyses Of Nonlinear Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity: An inverted U-shaped curve

et al. 2020

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Background Ectopic fat obesity and triglycerides are risk factors for diabetes and multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, there have been limited studies on the association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity. Methods and results In this cross-sectional study, we retrospectively analyzed 15464 adult participants recruited by Murakami Memorial Hospital (8430 men and 7034 women, average age of 43.71 ± 8.90). All patients were divided into two groups according to the threshold used to diagnose hypertriglyceridemia. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between triglycerides and the risk of ectopic fat obesity, and the generalized additive model was used to identify the nonlinear association. In this study population, the prevalence of ectopic fat obesity was 17.73%. After adjusting other covariables, triglycerides were positively correlated with the risk of ectopic fat obesity (OR: 1.54, 95% CI:1.41–1.69, P<0.0001). Through smooth curve fitting, we found that there was an inverted U-shaped curve association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity. This association remained unchanged even if the adjusted covariables were removed from the model, and the inflection point of the curve was 3.98. When triglyceride levels were ≤3.98, triglycerides were positively correlated with the risk of ectopic fat obesity (OR:1.784, 95% CI:1.611–1.975, P<0.0001). When triglyceride levels were >3.98 (right side of the inflection point), there was a negative correlation (OR:0.519, 95% CI:0.333–0.810, P = 0.0039). Conclusions Our research showed that there is a significant association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity. This relation is not a simple linear relationship but instead an inverted U-shaped curve association.

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Section: Analyses Of Nonlinear Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity: An inverted U-shaped curve

et al. 2020

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“…In agreement with this nding, sex differences also exist in the risk factors, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (8,9). Biological sex differences are exhibited in many physiological phenomenon, including fat distribution, triglyceride storage in liver and muscle (10), fatty acid and glucose metabolism (11), etc. Therefore, understanding sex differences in physiology and pathophysiology is required for precision medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Sex Differences in Dietary Copper-Fructose Interaction-Induced Alterations of Gut Microbial Activity are Not Correlated to Hepatic Steatosis

Song

Fang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Inadequate copper intake and increased fructose consumption represent two important nutritional problems in the US. Diet copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity and contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study is to determine whether dietary copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity in a sex-differential manner, and whether sex differences in gut microbial activity are associated with sex differences in hepatic steatosis. Methods: Male and female weanling Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed ad libitum with an AIN-93G purified rodent diet with defined copper content for 8 weeks. The copper content is 6mg/kg and 1.5mg/kg in adequate copper diet (CuA) and marginal copper diet (CuM), respectively. Animals had free access to either deionized water or deionized water containing 10% fructose (F) (w/v) as the only drink during the experiment. Body weight, calorie intake, plasma ALT, AST and liver histology were evaluated. Fecal microbial contents were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Fecal and cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: Male and female rats exhibit similar trends of changes in the body weight, body weight gain and calorie intake in response to dietary copper and fructose, with a generally higher level in male rats. Several female rats in CuAF group developed mild steatosis, while no obvious steatosis was observed in male rats fed with CuAF or CuMF. Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct alterations of the gut microbiome in male and female rats. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) identified sex-specific abundant taxa in different groups. Further, total SCFAs, as well as, butyrate were decreased in a more pronounced manner in female CuMF rats than in male rats. Of note, the decreased SCFAs are concomitant with the reduced SCFA producers, but not correlated to hepatic steatosis. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated sex differences in the alterations of gut microbial activities and hepatic steatosis in response to dietary copper-fructose interaction in rats. Tissue-specific responses to dietary copper and fructose likely contribute to the sex differences in gut microbial activity and metabolic phenotype.

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“…Another possible explanation is the difference of body fat distribution between genders. Although the body fat percentage of women was higher than the match aged men, and with aging the accumulation of intramuscular and intermuscular fat was more signi cant in women than in men [27] , however, women had more type I muscle bers than men, contributing stronger oxidative function of skeletal muscle [28] , which could reduce the risk of diabetes. On the other hand, hormones especially estrogen could in uence the metabolism of triglyceride and free fatty acids [29] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle loss was associated with the risk of diabetes in non non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Chinese male middle-aged and elderly population, the Shanghai Changfeng Study

chen

Xia

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Previous studies have presented skeletal muscle loss was associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, whether the presence of NAFLD could influence the association between skeletal muscle mass and DM was still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of skeletal muscle mass with diabetes in Chinese middle-aged and older community population, and whether the association could be effected by NAFLD. Methods A cross-sectional study of 5,626 residents aged 45 and above in Changfeng community in Shanghai were conducted. Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was detected by dual-energy X ray absorption (DXA) and calculated as ASM% [appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) (kg) /body weight*100%]. Liver fat content (LFC) was measured using a quantitative ultrasound method. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between ASM% quartiles with DM. Results With ASM% decreasing, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hBG) and Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as LFC increased in both genders, and the prevalence of diabetes and NAFLD also increased. Spearman analysis showed ASM% was negatively correlated with FBG, 2hBG and LFC. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed after multiple adjustments, ASM% quartile was negatively associated with the risk of diabetes only in male, but not in female. Subgroup analysis found the ASM% quartiles remained negatively correlated with the risk of diabetes in male non-NAFLD population, but not in NAFLD population. When stratified by LFC quartiles, the results was similar. After multivariate adjustments, low ASM% was negatively correlated with the risk of diabetes only in the first and second LFC quartile in male, and the association remained insignificant in each LFC quartile in female. Conclusions Skeletal muscle mass was negatively associated with the risk of diabetes in male population but not in female. The presence of NAFLD weakened this association. The results suggested stratified management of diabetes should be considered according to skeletal muscle mass and the presence of NAFLD.

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Sex-based differences in hepatic and skeletal muscle triglyceride storage and metabolism

Cited by 48 publications

References 127 publications

The association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity: An inverted U-shaped curve

The association between triglycerides and ectopic fat obesity: An inverted U-shaped curve

Sex Differences in Dietary Copper-Fructose Interaction-Induced Alterations of Gut Microbial Activity are Not Correlated to Hepatic Steatosis

Skeletal muscle loss was associated with the risk of diabetes in non non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Chinese male middle-aged and elderly population, the Shanghai Changfeng Study

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