Sex-based differences in phagocyte metabolic profile in rats with monosodium glutamate-induced obesity

Abstract

The important component of obesity pathogenesis is inflammatory activation of innate immune cells within adipose tissue and in other body locations. Both the course of obesity and innate immune reactivity are characterized by sex-associated differences. The aim of the work was a comparative investigation of metabolic profiles of phagocytes from different locations in male and female rats with MSG-induced obesity. The administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) caused obesity, with sex-associated differences, that was more severe in male rats. Obesity was associated with pro-inflammatory activation of CD14+ phagocytes from adipose tissue in female, but not in male rats, which was demonstrated by decreased phagocytosis activity along with increased ROS generation. Phagocytes from the peritoneal cavity and peripheral blood of obese female rats exhibited neutral metabolic profile, whereas those cells from obese male rats displayed a pro-inflammatory metabolic profile. Thus, the manifestation of obesity-induced inflammation was characterized by different patterns of metabolic profile of phagocytes in male and female rats. Identified immune cell characteristics expand our knowledge of obesity immunobiology and may help to develop more effective preventive and therapeutic interventions for obese patients of different sexes.

Gender Difference Response of Male and Female Immunodeficiency Rats Treated with Tissue-specific Biomolecules

“…The significant decrease in content of leukocytes, lymphocytes, changes in relative content of monocytes, granulocytes, and clusters of CD4+ and CD8+ differentiation confirmed the development of immunodeficiency among rats of groups 2 and 6 after administration of cyclophosphamide. At the same time the more significant decrease in leukocytes content, as well as a more expressed change in relative content of granulocytes and clusters of CD8+ differentiation clearly indicate a higher expression of immune disorders among male rats in comparison with female rats, which has been confirmed in other scientific studies conducted on animals [27] and can be explained by the peculiarities of hormonal regulation, which are significantly different from male and female animals [28, 29]. Rats in groups 2 and 6 showed changes of hematocrit, number of erythrocytes and platelets, and hemoglobin concentrations, which facts indicate greater sensitivity of the leukocyte and platelet links in rats’ blood homeostasis in case of CIID modeling in comparison with erythrocyte link, which may be primarily caused to damage of faster dividing cells of bone marrow.…”

Interdependence of oxidative/antioxidant system indicators and thyroid status under conditions of prolonged exposure to small doses of radiation

“…Neutrophils produce active forms of oxygen, which contributes to the development of inflammation (Fernández-Sánchez et al, 2011;Lutai et al, 2016). The functional polarization of phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes), characterized by the ratio of the production of reactive forms of oxygen and phagocytic activity, depends on many factors, in particular, the period of the day, physical activity, the state of lipid metabolism (Skivka et al, 2015a(Skivka et al, , 2015bRudyk et al, 2016Rudyk et al, , 2018. There are data on dependence of functional status of neutrophils on thyroid status parameters (Mezosi et al, 2005;Marino et al, 2006;Mathison, 2006;Kurjane et al, 2012).…”

Adrenergic Regulation of Macrophage-Mediated Innate/Inflammatory Responses in Obesity and Exercise in this Condition: Role of β2 Adrenergic Receptors

“…In this context, the use of pharmacological anti-inflammatory strategies, such as β2 adrenoreceptor agonists, is being increasingly suggested in obesity and associated DM2. The anti-inflammatory effects of β2 adrenergic receptors on activated monocytes/macrophages have been proposed with a potential role in the macrophage regulation during inflammation and cardiovascular complications in diabetes and obesity [74][75][76]. In this context, among more than 1000 compounds of the library of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs screened for antiinflammatory effects, β2 adrenergic receptor agonists were identified as the most potent inhibitors of diabetic-induced inflammatory activation (TNF-α production) of monocytes/macrophages [75].…”