Sex chromosome evolution: A ‘missing link’ in the evolution of sex chromosomes

Moore, Richard C.

doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.115

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Fragaria virginiana is an allopolyploid (2n 5 8x 5 56) species with a subdioecious sexual system. A first-generation genetic map of F. virginiana (Spigler et al 2008) revealed that sexual phenotype is determined by at least 2 linked gene regions, or ''loci,'' one controlling female function and the other male function, with limited recombination between them, leading to the prediction that this species possesses the earliest form of a sex chromosome, that is, a proto-sex chromosome (Moore 2008;Spigler et al 2008). However, incomplete coverage in the early generation map precluded complete characterization of this chromosome, thereby restricting our insight into its origin and the genetic processes that led to its formation.…”

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Comparative Mapping Reveals Autosomal Origin of Sex Chromosome in Octoploid Fragaria virginiana

Spigler

Lewers

Johnson

et al. 2010

Journal of Heredity

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Recent evolution of separate sexes in flowering plants provides unparalleled opportunities for understanding the early stages of sex chromosome evolution, including their origin from autosomes. Moreover, the transition from combined to separate sexes can be associated with speciation via polyploidization in angiosperms, suggesting that genome doubling/merger may facilitate sterility mutations required for sex chromosome formation. To gain insight into the origin of sex chromosomes in a polyploid plant, we doubled the simple sequence repeat (SSR) density and increased genome coverage in a genetic map of octoploid Fragaria virginiana, a species purported to have a "proto-sex" chromosome, where limited recombination occurs between 2 linked "loci" carrying the male- and female-sterility mutations. Incorporation of almost 3 times the number of SSR markers into the current map facilitated complete characterization of the F. virginiana proto-sex chromosome, revealing its largely autosomal nature and the location of the sex-determining region toward the distal end. Furthermore, extensive synteny between our genetic map and a map involving diploid hermaphroditic congeners allowed assignment of linkage groups to homeologous groups, identification of the proto-sex chromosome's autosomal homoeolog, and detection of a putative rearrangement near the sex-determining region. Fine mapping and additional comparative work will shed light on the intriguing possibility that rearrangements during polyploidization were involved in the evolution of sex chromosomes in Fragaria.

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Mapping Reveals Autosomal Origin of Sex Chromosome in Octoploid Fragaria virginiana

Spigler

Lewers

Johnson

et al. 2010

Journal of Heredity

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“…Similarly, the genus Acer as an example of the route from heterodichogamy through androdioecy (Pannell & Verdú, 2006) was not further confirmed (Renner et al ., 2007). A putative candidate for the origin of the dioecy through androdioecy could be subdioecious Fragaria virginiana (incipient ZW/ZZ system), as indicated by the presence of the dominant suppressor of male fertility on the proto‐W chromosome and by the presence of the recessive allele causing female sterility on the proto‐Z chromosome (Spigler et al ., 2008; Moore, 2009). However, it is not possible to reject the hypothesis that this status is secondary unless extensive phylogenetic studies are carried out.…”

Section: Sex Chromosomes and Plasticity Of Sex Determination In Main mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex chromosomes and sex determination pathway dynamics in plant and animal models

Janoušek

Mrackova

2010

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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In this review, we discuss and compare data obtained from animal and plant models, focusing our attention on the mechanisms that affect sex linkage and changes in sex-determining pathways. Patterns in data across taxa suggest that sex bias and the dynamics that occurs within hybrid zones can play an important role in these processes that enable the spread of some otherwise handicapped genotypes. We discuss the data obtained from several main plant model species in the light of the patterns demonstrated in animal models. In several plant models, we discuss possible differences in the age of their sex-determining pathways and the age of their current sex chromosomes. We also address an open question: how can an X/A ratio based sex-determining system evolve from a sexdetermining system based on two genes on the Y chromosome that control two separate sex-determining pathways (for the control of gynoecium suppression and anther promotion)? Taking inspiration from the well described mechanisms involved in sex determination dynamics in animals, we suggest a hypothetical stepwise scenario of change of the plant sex-determining system based on two separate sex-determining pathways (for the control of gynoecium suppression and anther promotion) into the other sex-determining systems. We suppose that an intermediate step occurs before shift to X/A based sex determination. At that phase, sex determination in plants is still based on an active Y chromosome, although there exists already a connected control of both sex-determining pathways. We suggest that this connection is enabled by the existence of the genes that control sexual dimorphism in the vegetative state of plant development, and that, in some circumstances, these genes can become sexdetermining genes.

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Inexorable spread: inexorable death? The fate of neo-XY chromosomes of grasshoppers

Bidau¹,

Martí

Castillo

2011

J Genet

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Sex chromosome evolution: A ‘missing link’ in the evolution of sex chromosomes

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Comparative Mapping Reveals Autosomal Origin of Sex Chromosome in Octoploid Fragaria virginiana

Comparative Mapping Reveals Autosomal Origin of Sex Chromosome in Octoploid Fragaria virginiana

Sex chromosomes and sex determination pathway dynamics in plant and animal models

Inexorable spread: inexorable death? The fate of neo-XY chromosomes of grasshoppers

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