Sex Chromosome Evolution Revealed by Physical Mapping of SlAP3X/Y in the Dioecious Plant Silene latifolia

Nishiyama, Rie; Ishii, Kotaro; Kifune, Etsuko; Kazama, Yusuke; Nishihara, Kenji; Matsunaga, Sachihiro; Shinozaki, Kazuo; Kawano, Shigeyuki

doi:10.1508/cytologia.75.319

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…4a,b ). The difference from previous FISH mapping, which concluded that it was located near the centromere 41 , is that, unlike the probe used here, the probe region used previously contained repetitive sequences, as revealed by sequencing BAC clones containing SlAP3Y and SlAP3 X 42 .…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A new physical mapping approach refines the sex-determining gene positions on the Silene latifolia Y-chromosome

Kazama

Ishii

Aonuma

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sex chromosomes are particularly interesting regions of the genome for both molecular genetics and evolutionary studies; yet, for most species, we lack basic information, such as the gene order along the chromosome. Because they lack recombination, Y-linked genes cannot be mapped genetically, leaving physical mapping as the only option for establishing the extent of synteny and homology with the X chromosome. Here, we developed a novel and general method for deletion mapping of non-recombining regions by solving “the travelling salesman problem”, and evaluate its accuracy using simulated datasets. Unlike the existing radiation hybrid approach, this method allows us to combine deletion mutants from different experiments and sources. We applied our method to a set of newly generated deletion mutants in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia and refined the locations of the sex-determining loci on its Y chromosome map.

show abstract

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…Their corresponding Y-copies were mapped by DelMapper in this study. FISH signals of SlAP3X/Y are indicated by green circles; the genetic location of SlAP3X is derived from Ishii et al 41 PAR; pseudo autosomal region.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A new physical mapping approach refines the sex-determining gene positions on the Silene latifolia Y-chromosome

Kazama

Ishii

Aonuma

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The approach of testing known flower development genes has been largely superseded by high-throughput sequencing methods. Searches have found MADs-box and ABC(DE) genes involved in flower whorl development on the sex chromosomes of S. latifolia and Asparagus officinalis (Matsunaga et al, 2003;Park et al, 2003;Cegan et al, 2010;Nishiyama et al, 2010;Penny et al, 2011). However, genes that control floral organ identity are not generally promising candidates.…”

Section: Plant Sex-determining Locimentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant contributions to our understanding of sex chromosome evolution

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

52I.53II.53III.54IV.55V.55VI.56VII.57VIII.58IX.59X.59XI.61XII.6262References62 Summary A minority of angiosperms have male and female flowers separated in distinct individuals (dioecy), and most dioecious plants do not have cytologically different (heteromorphic) sex chromosomes. Plants nevertheless have several advantages for the study of sex chromosome evolution, as genetic sex determination has evolved repeatedly and is often absent in close relatives. I review sex‐determining regions in non‐model plant species, which may help us to understand when and how (and, potentially, test hypotheses about why) recombination suppression evolves within young sex chromosomes. I emphasize high‐throughput sequencing approaches that are increasingly being applied to plants to test for non‐recombining regions. These data are particularly illuminating when combined with sequence data that allow phylogenetic analyses, and estimates of when these regions evolved. Together with comparative genetic mapping, this has revealed that sex‐determining loci and sex‐linked regions evolved independently in many plant lineages, sometimes in closely related dioecious species, and often within the past few million years. In reviewing recent progress, I suggest areas for future work, such as the use of phylogenies to allow the informed choice of outgroup species suitable for inferring the directions of changes, including testing whether Y chromosome‐like regions are undergoing genetic degeneration, a predicted consequence of losing recombination.

show abstract

“…Silene is the best studied of genera with heteromorphic chromosomes and although its Y chromosome harbors numerous intact genes, some with Xlinked counterparts, few of these genes are observed to have floral development function (Matsunaga, 2006). Among those genes found on the Y chromosome and known to be involved in flower development are an APETALLA 3 ortholog (Matsunaga et al, 2003;Nishiyama et al, 2010), two SEPALLATA orthologs (Matsunaga et al, 2004), and two WUSCHEL orthologs (Kazama et al, 2012). However, it is not clear if any of these genes function in a sexually deterministic fashion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender‐specific expression of GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE is critical for unisexual organ initiation in dioecious Spinacia oleracea

West

Golenberg

2017

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While unisexual flowers have evolved repeatedly throughout angiosperm families, the actual identification of sex-determining genes has been elusive, and their regulation within populations remains largely undefined. Here, we tested the mechanism of the feminization pathway in cultivated spinach (Spinacia oleracea), and investigated how this pathway may regulate alternative sexual development. We tested the effect of gibberellic acid (GA) on sex determination through exogenous applications of GA and inhibitors of GA synthesis and proteasome activity. GA concentrations in multiple tissues were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. Gene function was investigated and pathway analysis was performed through virus-induced gene silencing. Relative gene expression levels were estimated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Inhibition of GA production and proteasome activity feminized male flowers. However, there was no difference in GA content in tissues between males and females. We characterized a single DELLA family transcription factor gene (GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE (SpGAI)) and observed inflorescence expression in females two-fold higher than in males. Reduction of SpGAI expression in females to male levels phenocopied exogenous GA application with respect to flower development. These results implicate SpGAI as the feminizing factor in spinach, and suggest that the feminizing pathway is epistatic to the masculinizing pathway. We present a unified model for alternative sexual development and discuss the implications for established theory.

show abstract

Sex Chromosome Evolution Revealed by Physical Mapping of SlAP3X/Y in the Dioecious Plant Silene latifolia

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

A new physical mapping approach refines the sex-determining gene positions on the Silene latifolia Y-chromosome

A new physical mapping approach refines the sex-determining gene positions on the Silene latifolia Y-chromosome

Plant contributions to our understanding of sex chromosome evolution

Gender‐specific expression of GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE is critical for unisexual organ initiation in dioecious Spinacia oleracea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About