Sex-Dependent Differences in Physical Exercise-Mediated Cognitive Recovery Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats

Cohan, Charles H.; Youbi, Mehdi; Saul, Isabel; Ruiz, Alex A.; Furones, Concepción; Patel, Pujan; Perez, Enrique; Raval, Ami P.; Dave, Kunjan R.; Zhao, Weizhao; Dong, Chuanhui; Rundek, Tatjana; Koch, Sebastian; Sacco, Ralph L.; Pérez-Pinzón, Miguel A.

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00261

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…It was suggested that the effect of WBV in rats may be mediated via the reduction of hippocampal neuronal degeneration and by improving expression of synaptic proteins ( Cariati et al, 2021 ; Peng et al, 2021 ). Post-stroke high-intensity interval training reduced ischemic brain damage and upregulated pTrkB (a major cascade of BDNF actions) and FNDC5 expression in the cortex of rats ( Pin-Barre et al, 2021 ), which underscores its role in neuronal survival, hippocampal neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and functional recovery ( Liu and Nusslock, 2018 ; Cohan et al, 2019 ; Luo et al, 2019 ). Therefore, future studies investigating the efficacy of post-stroke irisin treatment to improve mitochondrial and vascular functions, thus protecting the brain from ischemic damage and improving cognition, are needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Irisin treatment reduces brain infarct volume, neurological deficit scores, and neuronal injuries in mice subjected to MCAO (Asadi et al, 2018). Post-stroke high-intensity interval training reduced ischemic brain damage and upregulated pTrkB (a major cascade of BDNF actions) and FNDC5 expression in the cortex of rats (Pin-Barre et al, 2021), which underscores its role in neuronal survival, hippocampal neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and functional recovery (Liu and Nusslock, 2018;Cohan et al, 2019;Luo et al, 2019). Irisin treatments have also demonstrated improved memory and synaptic plasticity in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (Lourenco et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The duration of the stroke rehabilitation depends on stroke severity. Most stroke survivors require some form of long-term stroke rehabilitation, but clinical studies report that compliance with such long-term stroke rehabilitation is very poor ( Morris and Williams, 2009 ; Cohan et al, 2019 ; Levy et al, 2019 ). A wide range of individual factors may affect stroke patient participation in physical therapy, including stroke severity, preexisting and comorbid conditions, motivation, fatigue, and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-stroke low-frequency whole-body vibration improves cognition in middle-aged rats of both sexes

Kerr

Sanchez²,

Moreno³

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Low-frequency whole-body vibration (WBV; 40 Hz), a low impact form of exercise, intervention for a month following moderate transient middle-cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) reduces infarct volume and improves motor function in reproductively senescent, middle-aged female rats. Since post-stroke cognitive decline remains a significant problem, the current study aims to investigate the efficacy of WBV in ameliorating post-tMCAO cognitive deficits and to determine the underlying putative mechanism(s) conferring benefits of WBV in middle-aged rats. Middle-aged rats of both sexes were randomly assigned to tMCAO (90 min) or sham surgery followed by exposure to either WBV (twice a day for 15 min each for 5 days a week over a month) or no WBV treatment groups. Following the last WBV treatment, rats were tested for hippocampus-dependent learning and memory using a water maze followed by harvesting brain and blood samples for histopathological and inflammatory marker analyses, respectively. Results show that post-tMCAO WBV significantly lessens cognitive deficits in rats of both sexes. Post-tMCAO WBV significantly decreased circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased serum levels of irisin, a muscle-derived hormone that may play a role in brain metabolism and inflammation regulation, which suggests putative beneficial mechanisms of WBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Post-stroke low-frequency whole-body vibration improves cognition in middle-aged rats of both sexes

Kerr

Sanchez²,

Moreno³

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

Self Cite

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“…Sex differences have also been found in work examining exercise effects [48]. Females have been shown to benefit more from exercise experiences compared to males [49].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 94%

Exercise influences the impact of polychlorinated biphenyl exposure on immune function

et al. 2020

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental pollutants and endocrine disruptors, harmfully affecting reproductive, endocrine, neurological and immunological systems. This broad influence has implications for processes such as wound healing, which is modulated by the immunological response of the body. Conversely, while PCBs can be linked to diminished wound healing, outside of PCB pollution systems, exercise has been shown to accelerate wound healing. However, the potential for moderate intensity exercise to modulate or offset the harmful effects of a toxin like PCB are yet unknown. A key aim of the present study was to examine how PCB exposure at different doses (0, 100, 500, 1000 ppm i.p.) altered wound healing in exercised versus non-exercised subgroups of mice. We examined PCB effects on immune function in more depth by analyzing the concentrations of cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in these wounds inflicted by punch biopsy. Mice were euthanized at Day 3 or Day 5 after PCB injection (n = 3-6) and skin excised from the wound area was homogenized and analyzed for cytokine content. Results revealed that wound healing was not signficantly impacted by either PCB exposure or exercise, but there were patterns of delays in healing that depended on PCB dose. Changes in cytokines were also observed and depended on PCB dose and exercise experience. For example, IL-1β concentrations in Day 5 mice without PCB administration were 33% less in exercised mice than mice not exercised. However, IL-1β concentrations in Day 3 mice administered 100 ppm were 130% greater in exercised mice than not exercisedmice. Changes in the other measured cytokines varied with mainly depressions at lesser PCB doses and elevations at higher doses. Exercise had diverse effects on cytokine levels, but increased cytokine levels in the two greater doses. Explanations for these diverse effects include the use of young animals with more rapid wound healing rates less affected by toxin exposure, as well as PCB-mediated compensatory effects at specific doses which could actually enhance immune function. Future work should examine these interactions in more detail across a developmental time span. Understanding how manipulating the effects of exposure to PLOS ONE |

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“…One aspect to consider in treadmill studies is that rodents are forced to run while restrained in small running lanes, which may cause stress or anxiety. Furthermore, many of the treadmill protocols use electrical or mechanical stimuli to motivate the animal to continue to run [66,[69][70][71], which induces a stress response. It has been shown that the levels of corticosterone are higher in mice undergoing treadmill exercise with shock stimulations compared to sedentary mice [72].…”

Section: Exercise Regimens Used In Preclinical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing, Cognitive Decline, and Effects of Physical Exercise: Complexities, and Considerations from Animal Models

Caruso,

Nicolas,

Lucassen

et al. 2024

BPL

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In our ageing global population, the cognitive decline associated with dementia and neurodegenerative diseases represents a major healthcare problem. To date, there are no effective treatments for age-related cognitive impairment, thus preventative strategies are urgently required. Physical exercise is gaining traction as a non-pharmacological approach to promote brain health. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), a unique form of brain plasticity which is necessary for certain cognitive functions declines with age and is enhanced in response to exercise. Accumulating evidence from research in rodents suggests that physical exercise has beneficial effects on cognition through its proneurogenic capabilities. Given ethical and technical limitations in human studies, preclinical research in rodents is crucial for a better understanding of such exercise-induced brain and behavioural changes. In this review, exercise paradigms used in preclinical research are compared. We provide an overview of the effects of different exercise paradigms on age-related cognitive decline from middle-age until older-age. We discuss the relationship between the age-related decrease in AHN and the potential impact of exercise on mitigating this decline. We highlight the emerging literature on the impact of exercise on gut microbiota during ageing and consider the role of the gut-brain axis as a future possible strategy to optimize exercise-enhanced cognitive function. Finally, we propose a guideline for designing optimal exercise protocols in rodent studies, which would inform clinical research and contribute to developing preventative strategies for age-related cognitive decline.

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Sex-Dependent Differences in Physical Exercise-Mediated Cognitive Recovery Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Post-stroke low-frequency whole-body vibration improves cognition in middle-aged rats of both sexes

Post-stroke low-frequency whole-body vibration improves cognition in middle-aged rats of both sexes

Exercise influences the impact of polychlorinated biphenyl exposure on immune function

Ageing, Cognitive Decline, and Effects of Physical Exercise: Complexities, and Considerations from Animal Models

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