Sex determination by ultrasound: ethical challenges of sex ratio imbalances and invidious discrimination

Chervenak, Frank A.; McCullough, L. B.

doi:10.1002/uog.7320

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…() in the USA. While the use of ultrasound to determine foetal sex is particularly contentious in communities with a strong cultural preference for boys (Chervenak and McCullough ), in other societies, expressed sex preference is low and yet the desire to find out foetal sex is common (Chigbu et al . ).…”

Section: Reasons For Booking a Scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do women seek ultrasound scans from commercial providers during pregnancy?

Roberts

Griffiths

Verran

et al. 2015

Sociology Health & Illness

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(2015). 'Why women seek commercial ultrasound scans during pregnancy'. Sociology of Health and Illness 37(4): 594--609.Why do women seek ultrasound scans from commercial providers during pregnancy? AbstractThe commercial availability of ultrasound scans for pregnant women has been controversial yet little is known about why women make use of such services. This article reports on semi--structured interviews with women in the UK who have booked a commercial scan, focusing on the reasons women gave for booking commercially provided ultrasound during a low--risk pregnancy.Participants' reasons for booking a scan are presented in five categories: finding out the sex of the foetus, reassurance, seeing the baby, acquiring keepsakes and facilitating bonding. Our analysis demonstrates that women's reasons for booking commercial scans are often multiple and are shaped by experiences of antenatal care as well as powerful cultural discourses related to 'good' parenting and the use of technology in pregnancy. Sociological and public debate about the availability of commercial ultrasound and its social and personal impacts should consider the wider socio--cultural context that structures women's choices to make use of such services. (153)

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Section: Reasons For Booking a Scanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do women seek ultrasound scans from commercial providers during pregnancy?

Roberts

Griffiths

Verran

et al. 2015

Sociology Health & Illness

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The far-reaching changes initiated by ultrasound in the depiction of real-time, highresolution images, without risks of radiation to the fetus, has led to the ingenuity to assign gender to these children, thereby relieving the apprehension of the pregnant women. However, this has been largely achieved at an opportunity-cost, with consequent emergent moral, 1 medico-legal, ethical, and psycho-social problems, thus prompting several international organizations such as the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) as well as the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM),to view the request by these women for gender disclosure during prenatal ultrasonography as not only ethically unjustifiable but purely based on the non-medical use [2][3][4] of ultrasound. But, strictly speaking, it is difficult to defend nondisclosure since no scientific evidence of any serious harm to the human fetus has been reported in the over forty years of substantial use of prenatal medically 4 indicated and superintended diagnostic ultrasound.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reasons Pregnant Women seek Prenatal Sonographic Gender Disclosure in Makurdi, Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Fetal gender disclosure, a non-medical prenatal ultrasonography indication, although largely ethically unjustifiable, continues to grow and thrive in demand due to its request by pregnant women. The study aims at establishing the proportion of women who want to know fetal gender during prenatal ultrasound. This was twelve months` prospective study of all pregnant women, 16weeks and above who presented at our facility for antenatal ultrasound in Makurdi from 7th May 2019 to 6th May 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on factors influencing their willingness to know the gender of their unborn children. The information collated was entered into statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 23.0 for analysis. P-values=0.005 was considered significant for the study population. Two hundred and fifty (250) pregnant women were recruited for the study. Majority of the women 233(93.2%) showed marked interest in knowing the gender of the fetus, while 17(6.8%) did not. The main reason for wanting to know the sex of the fetus was for easier choice of clothing and naming; whereas the main reason for not wanting sex disclosure was because any child is good. There was no statistically significant correlation between gender preferences and the other variables such as age, educational attainment, tribe and previous miscarriages (P=0.136, 0.485, 0.275 and 0.942 respectively). Majority of the women 233(93.2%) want fetal gender disclosure due to ease of choice of clothing and naming. The deliberate policy of non-disclosure on account of non-medical indication during prenatal ultrasonography is untenable in our environment.

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