Sex determination in cremated human remains using the lateral angle of the pars petrosa ossis temporalis: is old age a limiting factor?

Masotti, Sabrina; Pasini, Alba; Gualdi‐Russo, Emanuela

doi:10.1007/s12024-019-00131-4

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In some studies, the differences between mean values of measurements taken for individuals of the two sexes turned out to be statistically insignificant (Morgan et al 2013;Gonçalves et al 2015). Nevertheless, the majority of works has already proven the difference to be statistically significant (Graw et al 2005;Norén et al 2005;Akansel et al 2008;Masotti et al 2019). However, even in these cases, the thresholds of discrimination between LA ranges for both the sexes differ considerably.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Conducted clinical research also has not confirmed differences between female and male individuals to be statistically significant (Morgan et al 2013). Moreover, some scholars point out the unreliability of the results regarding subadult individuals and those over the age of 70, showing large discrepancies between the already known sex and the one estimated on the basis of LA measurements (Masotti et al 2013;Afacan et al 2017;Masotti et al 2019). The applicability of the LA method for sexing subadult individuals has been challenged by Afacan et al (2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, even in these cases, the thresholds of discrimination between LA ranges for both the sexes differ considerably. The most often provided value is that of 45° (Norén et al 2005;Akansel et al 2008), but others report 41° (Masotti et al 2019). Akansel et al (2008) not only measured the threshold at 45° but also determined the probability of discrimination between both sexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the lateral angle method for sex determination of cremated individuals from burials of the Lusatian culture cemetery in Czernikowice, Poland

Hałuszko

Guziński

2022

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Research of cremated human remains are limited by severe analytical constraints. Estimation of basic anthropological parameters such as sex of individuals or their age at death is often uncertain. A method for assessing the sex of cremated individuals measures the lateral angle of the petrous part (PP) of the temporal bone, known as the lateral angle (LA) method. In the cemetery of the Lusatian culture in Czernikowice (51.317389°N, 15.871469°E), 6 well-preserved PP were identified. The analyzed PP belonged to 6 different individuals: 3 adults and 3 children. Based on standard anthropological methods, sex was estimated for adults individuals: 2 males and 1 female. The identified PP served as the basis for application of the LA method. The bones were scanned by computed tomography (CT) and the tomographic imaging allowed measurement of the lateral angle. The absolute values of intra-observer errors did not exceed 1°. Relative technical errors of measurements (rTEM) fell in the range below 5%, which is indicative of their high precision. Individuals for which the LA value was greater than or equal to 45.0° were qualified as females and those for which it was less than 45.0° – as males. The LA values for female individuals ranged from 48.0 to 49.1°, (average 48.5±0.78°, median 48.4°) and for male individuals were in the range of 24.9-37.5° (average 33.4±5.80°, median 35.5°). The absolute difference between the average values for female and male individuals was considerable (15.1°) and statistically significant (p < 0.001). The LA method provides good reliability of measurements when it comes to this analysis with regard to cremated osteological material, and the use of non-invasive CT enhances its value in the context of archaeological remains. However, its capability for sexing subadult individuals should be approached with caution and requires further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the lateral angle method for sex determination of cremated individuals from burials of the Lusatian culture cemetery in Czernikowice, Poland

Hałuszko

Guziński

2022

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“…Despite the large number of studies on the sexually dimorphic potential of the lateral angle of internal acoustic meatus, the results are contradictory, and classification accuracy (CA) ranges from ~60% to 80%. This may be due to the strong correlation between this angle and the age of the individuals (Afacan et al, 2017; Masotti et al, 2019), implying that the accuracy would improve by eliminating elderly individuals from the studied group. However, not only is the estimation of age‐at‐death a challenge in highly fragmented and burnt human remains (Veselka et al, 2020), but excluding one portion of population to correctly sex the others is not ideal if the goal is to identify an unknown individual or have a general idea of a sex ratio in a population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting metric sex estimation of burnt human remains via supervised learning using a reference collection of modern identified cremated individuals (Knoxville, USA)

Hlad

Veselka

Steadman

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: This study aims to increase the rate of correctly sexed calcined individuals from archaeological and forensic contexts. This is achieved by evaluating sexual dimorphism of commonly used and new skeletal elements via uni-and multi-variate metric trait analyses.Materials and methods: Twenty-two skeletal traits were evaluated in 86 individuals from the William M. Bass donated cremated collection of known sex and age-atdeath. Four different predictive models, logistic regression, random forest, neural network, and calculation of population specific cut-off points, were used to determine the classification accuracy (CA) of each feature and several combinations thereof.Results: An overall CA of ≥ 80% was obtained for 12 out of 22 features (humerus trochlea max., and lunate length, humerus head vertical diameter, humerus head transverse diameter, radius head max., femur head vertical diameter, patella width, patella thickness, and talus trochlea length) using univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed an increase of CA (≥ 95%) for certain combinations and models (e.g., humerus trochlea max. and patella thickness). Our study shows metric sexual

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“…It is the most secured part because of its anatomical position at basolateral [3]. Mastoid region always helps in the determination of the sex [4]. The median region that has a deep groove of the mastoid process is the mastoid notch [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Study of the Mastoid Process and Notch in Dry Human Skulls

Blessy

Mohanraj

2021

JPRI

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Introduction: Mastoid process is a pyramidal bony projection . It is located in the posterior inferior region of the temporal bone. Mastoid notch is on the medial side of the mastoid process. Clinical significance causing infection of the middle ear could spread to the mastoid area causing mastoiditis. The aim of the study is to determine the morphometric and morphological analysis of mastoid process and mastoid notch in dry human skull and their clinical implication. Materials and Methods: The present study was taken from the department of Anatomy in Saveetha Dental College and Hospital by taking 72 dry human skulls. Digital vernier caliper was used to measure the mastoid process and mastoid notch of different parameters. The data was measured and analyzed statistically, using paired sample ‘t’ tests. Results: The present study shows 0.641 significance in the right and left length of the mastoid process which is not significant. Right breadth and left breadth of the mastoid process of 0.007 and mastoid notch of right and left length 0.00 are significant. Conclusion: It concludes that the mastoid process and mastoid notch have varied significant differences in the dry human skulls. This study will be helpful in mastoid surgeries.

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Sex determination in cremated human remains using the lateral angle of the pars petrosa ossis temporalis: is old age a limiting factor?

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Application of the lateral angle method for sex determination of cremated individuals from burials of the Lusatian culture cemetery in Czernikowice, Poland

Application of the lateral angle method for sex determination of cremated individuals from burials of the Lusatian culture cemetery in Czernikowice, Poland

Revisiting metric sex estimation of burnt human remains via supervised learning using a reference collection of modern identified cremated individuals (Knoxville, USA)

Morphometric Study of the Mastoid Process and Notch in Dry Human Skulls

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