Sex difference in cellular proliferation within the telencephalic ventricle zone of Bengalese finch

Zeng, Shao Ju; Song, Kui-Jin; Xu, Na; Zhang, Xin Wen; Zuo, Ming Xue

doi:10.1016/j.neures.2007.02.001

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The stereotaxic point 0.0 was defined both for the anteroposterior and the mediolateral axes as the branch point of the sagittal sinus that lies just anterior to the rostral tip of the cerebellum. The “hot spot” for cell proliferation at the end of dorsal ventricular zone (which is relatively close to the HVC, and is thus most probably a potential site for HVC progenitor cells [13], [19]) was electrically injured at either side of the hemispheres with the coordinate (Lateral: 1.0 mm, Anterior: 3.2 mm, Deep: 1.3 mm) for 90 s at 100 µA, whereas the other side was kept intact, and used as control. After producing the lesion, the animals were returned to the colony in which they were kept with their family until P60, when the HVC was well developed [30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The birds were allowed to survive for different times: 2 h (labeled cells do not begin to migrate out of ventricular zone, [19]), 5 d (labeled cells begin to migrate toward their targeting area, [11]) and 10 d or 25 d (labeled cells have reached their targeting area, [10], [12], [17]). As described above, 10-µm sections were cut, and the sections were then covered with a layer of emulsion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only cells with a clear neuronal morphology (darkly stained nucleoli or relatively large cytoplasm) were regarded as neurons. A neuron was considered labeled with [ 3 H]-thymidine if autoradiographic grains overlying its nucleus were over 10× background density (Background grain counts were determined for each specimen) [19]. For double labeling, the sections were first processed for immunohistochemistry, and then [ 3 H]-thymidine autoradiography, as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then studied whether there were sexual differences in the cell proliferation in the HVC ventricle site at posthatching 15 days (P15) when HVC progenitor cells are generated in large scale [14], [15], [19], and in the number of cells migrating towards HVC along radial glia fibers, or differentiating toward neurons within HVC. To exclude the effect of gonad-derived steroids in vivo , the corresponding studies were also performed in vitro .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual Differences in Cell Proliferation in the Ventricular Zone, Cell Migration and Differentiation in the HVC of Juvenile Bengalese Finch

et al. 2014

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Song control nuclei have distinct sexual differences and thus are an ideal model to address how brain areas are sexually differentiated. Through a combination of histological analysis and electrical lesions, we first identified the ventricle site for HVC progenitor cells. We then found that there were significant sex differences in the cellular proliferation activity in the ventricular zone of the HVC, the number of migrating cells along the radial cells (positive immunoreactions to vimentin) and differentiation towards neurons. Through co-culturing of male and female slices containing the developing HVC in the same well, we found that the male slices could produce diffusible substances to masculinize the female HVC. By adding estrogen, an estrogen antagonist, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or its antibody into the culture medium, separately or in combination, we found that these diffusible substances may include estrogen and BDNF. Finally, we found that 1) estrogen-induced BDNF upregulation could be detected 48 hr after estrogen treatment and could not be blocked by a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitor and 2) the amount of VEGF mRNA expressed in the developing HVC and its adjacent area did not display any significant sex differences, as did the distribution of VEGF and laminin-expressing endothelial cells in the developing HVC. Because these findings are largely different from previous reports on the adult female HVC, it is suggested that our estrogen-induced BDNF up-regulation and the resultant sexual differentiation might not be mediated by VEGF and endothelial cells, but instead, may result from the direct effects of estrogen on BDNF.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual Differences in Cell Proliferation in the Ventricular Zone, Cell Migration and Differentiation in the HVC of Juvenile Bengalese Finch

et al. 2014

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“…Not only is the association between repertoire and nucleus size clearly established at the inter- [DeVoogd et al, 1993] and intra-specific [Garamszegi and Eens, 2004] levels, it also appears to characterize gender differences: species in which only males sing have dimorphic song nuclei, whereas species where both sexes sing do not [Brenowitz, 1997]. In addition, evidence is accumulating that song learning coincides with neuronal growth in HVC [Zeng et al, 2007], that HVC and RA control different levels of song organization [Yu and Margoliash, 1996], that larger learned repertoires are reflected in increased dendritic spine density in HVC [Airey et al, 2000a], that females select for males with both a larger HVC and a larger repertoire [Airey and DeVoogd, 2000], that HVC size and song complexity predict male quality [Pfaff et al, 2007] and that both repertoire size and HVC size are inherited [Airey et al, 2000b]. Eventually, the impressive advances that characterize the song learning literature need to be imitated in other areas of neuroecology.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Size Of Neural Centers And Cognitivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brains, Lifestyles and Cognition: Are There General Trends?

2008

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portion remains when these variables are factored out. What is behind this remaining variance? Because the brain is an organ that processes, stores and integrates sensory, motor and information, the most obvious hypothesis is that there are cognitive advantages in affording larger brains [Jerison, 1973]. Important advances have been made since Jerison's pioneering work, but several unresolved issues still stimulate debates among contemporary researchers. Are cognitive activities selected as independent modules or can they be part of more general processes that cause some animals to consistently outrank others in several cognitive measures? What are the evolutionary forces that select for larger brains? Are there convergent principles that govern the evolution of brain size in different taxa? Do whole brain size differences, as opposed to finer measures, mean anything in terms of cognitive performance?Several research strategies have been used to answer these questions. Some use principles derived from work on humans, others focus on specialized behaviors (e.g., food storing) seen only in a few non-human taxa. In this paper, we review an approach initially developed with birds and based on field observations of innovative behaviors. We first discuss a series of operational measures of cognition, and ask whether variation in the measures suggests correlated or independent evolution. Next, we test whether these cognitive measures co-vary with the size of neural structures. Finally, we discuss some ecological contexts in which the cognitive measures associated with size of neural structures might be Key WordsBrain ؒ Evolution ؒ Neuroecology ؒ Cognition AbstractComparative and experimental approaches to cognition in different animal taxa suggest some degree of convergent evolution. Similar cognitive trends associated with similar lifestyles (sociality, generalism, new habitats) are seen in taxa that are phylogenetically distant and possess remarkably different brains. Many cognitive measures show positive intercorrelations at the inter-individual and inter-taxon level, suggesting some degree of general intelligence. Ecological principles like the unpredictability of resources in space and time may drive different types of cognition (e.g., social and non-social) in the same direction. Taxa that rank high on comparative counts of cognition in the field are usually the ones that succeed well in experimental tests, with the exception of avian imitation. From apes to birds, fish and beetles, a few common principles appear to have influenced the evolution of brains and cognition in widely divergent taxa.

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The effects of Wnt, BMP, and Notch signaling pathways on cell proliferation and neural differentiation in a song control nucleus (HVC) of Lonchura striata

Jie

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2023

Developmental Neurobiology

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There is obvious sexual dimorphism in the song control system of songbirds. In the higher vocal center (HVC), cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation contribute to the net addition of neurons. However, the mechanism underlying these changes is unclear. Given that Wnt, Bmp, and Notch pathways are involved in cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, no reports are available to study the role of the three pathways in the song control system. To address the issue, we studied cell proliferation in the ventricle zone overlying the developing HVC and neural differentiation within the HVC of Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata) at posthatching day 15 when HVC progenitor cells are generated on a large scale and differentiate into neurons, after Wnt and Bmp pathways were activated by using a pharmacological agonist (LiCl) or Bmp4, respectively, and the Notch pathway was inhibited by an inhibitor (N‐[N‐(3,5‐difluorophenacetyl)‐l‐alanyl]‐S‐phenylglycine t‐butyl ester), DAPT). The results indicated that both cell proliferation and neural differentiation toward HVC neurons increased significantly after activation of the Wnt signaling pathway or inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway. Although cell proliferation was increased, neural differentiation was inhibited after treatment with Bmp4. There was obvious synergetic enhancement in the number of proliferating cells after the coregulation of two or three signaling pathways. In addition, synergetic enhancement was also found in the Wnt and Notch pathways in neural differentiation toward neurons within HVC. These results suggest that the three signaling pathways are involved in cell proliferation and neural differentiation of HVC.

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Sex difference in cellular proliferation within the telencephalic ventricle zone of Bengalese finch

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

Sexual Differences in Cell Proliferation in the Ventricular Zone, Cell Migration and Differentiation in the HVC of Juvenile Bengalese Finch

Sexual Differences in Cell Proliferation in the Ventricular Zone, Cell Migration and Differentiation in the HVC of Juvenile Bengalese Finch

Brains, Lifestyles and Cognition: Are There General Trends?

The effects of Wnt, BMP, and Notch signaling pathways on cell proliferation and neural differentiation in a song control nucleus (HVC) of Lonchura striata

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