Sex difference in human olfactory sensitivity is associated with plasma adiponectin

Pfabigan, Daniela M.; Vezzani, Cecilia; Thorsby, Per Medbøe; Sailer, Uta

doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105235

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Participants were reimbursed for their participation with universal gift cards (~EUR 150 per person for both sessions, of which ~EUR 50 for the first one). During a typical 4-5 h session, participants conducted further experimental tasks, which are (Pfabigan et al, 2022;Sailer et al, 2023) and will be presented elsewhere (i.e., tasks on pain experience and sweet taste perception). Participants gave written informed consent prior to the experiment, which was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee (REK South-East B, project 26699).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the suppression of ghrelin signaling reduced alcohol consumption in rats and mice (e.g., Jerlhag et al, 2009;Zallar et al, 2019) and reduced the rewarding effects of amphetamine and nicotine in mice (Jerlhag et al, 2010;Jerlhag & Engel, 2011) and their sexual motivation (Egecioglu et al, 2016). In humans, ghrelin concentrations are associated with the amount of craving in individuals with alcohol dependence (Leggio et al, 2012), the rated pleasantness of odors (Trellakis et al, 2011; but see also Pfabigan et al, 2022), and reward system activation in response to food pictures (Malik et al, 2008). Following ghrelin administration, participants showed less brain activity during the anticipation of monetary losses than following administration of saline, and they also valued receiving a monetary reward sooner rather than later (Pietrzak et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ghrelin is related to lower brain reward activation during touch

Pfabigan,

Frogner,

Schéle

et al. 2023

Psychophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut hormone ghrelin drives food motivation and increases food intake, but it is also involved in the anticipation of and response to rewards other than food. This pre‐registered study investigated how naturally varying ghrelin concentrations affect the processing of touch as a social reward in humans. Sixty‐seven volunteers received slow caressing touch (so‐called CT‐targeted touch) as a social reward and control touch on their shins during 3T functional imaging on two test days. On one occasion, participants were fasted, and on another, they received a meal. On each occasion, plasma ghrelin was measured at three time points. All touch was rated as more pleasant after the meal, but there was no association between ghrelin concentrations and pleasantness. CT‐targeted touch was rated as the most pleasant and activated somatosensory and reward networks (whole brain). A region‐of‐interest in the right medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) showed lower activation during all touches, the higher the ghrelin concentrations were. During CT‐targeted touch, a larger satiety response (ghrelin decrease after the meal) was associated with higher mOFC activation, and this mOFC activation was associated with higher experienced pleasantness. Overall, higher ghrelin concentrations appear to be related to a lower reward value for touch. Ghrelin may reduce the value of social stimuli, such as touch, to promote food search and intake in a state of low energy. This suggests that the role of ghrelin goes beyond assigning value to food reward.

show abstract

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin is related to lower brain reward activation during touch

Pfabigan,

Frogner,

Schéle

et al. 2023

Psychophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Participation was reimbursed with universal gift cards of ~ EUR 150 per person for both sessions lasting four to five hours each. The session contained further experimental tasks which were ( 27 , 35 ) and will be presented elsewhere. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hungry for compliments? Ghrelin is not associated with neural responses to social rewards or their pleasantness

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The stomach-derived hormone ghrelin motivates food search and stimulates food consumption, with highest plasma concentrations before a meal and lowest shortly after. However, ghrelin also appears to affect the value of non-food rewards such as interaction with rat conspecifics, and monetary rewards in humans. The present pre-registered study investigated how nutritional state and ghrelin concentrations are related to the subjective and neural responses to social and non-social rewards. In a cross-over feed-and-fast design, 67 healthy volunteers (20 women) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a hungry state and after a meal with repeated plasma ghrelin measurements. In task 1, participants received social rewards in the form of approving expert feedback, or non-social computer reward. In task 2, participants rated the pleasantness of compliments and neutral statements. Nutritional state and ghrelin concentrations did not affect the response to social reward in task 1. In contrast, ventromedial prefrontal cortical activation to non-social rewards was reduced when the meal strongly suppressed ghrelin. In task 2, fasting increased activation in the right ventral striatum during all statements, but ghrelin concentrations were neither associated with brain activation nor with experienced pleasantness. Complementary Bayesian analyses provided moderate evidence for a lack of correlation between ghrelin concentrations and behavioral and neural responses to social rewards, but moderate evidence for an association between ghrelin and non-social rewards. This suggests that ghrelin’s influence may be restricted to non-social rewards. Social rewards implemented via social recognition and affirmation may be too abstract and complex to be susceptible to ghrelin’s influence. In contrast, the non-social reward was associated with the expectation of a material object that was handed out after the experiment. This may indicate that ghrelin might be involved in anticipatory rather than consummatory phases of reward.

show abstract

“…In a rat model adiponectin prevented olfactory impairment induced by amyloid‐beta accumulation, probably due to its described neuroprotective effects 185 . Interestingly, plasma adiponectin concentrations correlate with greater olfactory sensitivity in women, but not men 186 . Further, it has been suggested that adiponectin may modulate insulin signalling in the OB, possibly contributing to olfactory performance 184 .…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Control Of the Ob And Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…185 Interestingly, plasma adiponectin concentrations correlate with greater olfactory sensitivity in women, but not men. 186 Further, it has been suggested that adiponectin may modulate insulin signalling in the OB, possibly contributing to olfactory performance. 184 OB adiponectin injections slightly decreased IR protein content, IR phosphorylation and downstream phosphorylation of Akt.…”

Section: Orexigenic/anorexigenic Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The olfactory bulb: A neuroendocrine spotlight on feeding and metabolism

Stark

2024

J Neuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Olfaction is the most ancient sense and is needed for food‐seeking, danger protection, mating and survival. It is often the first sensory modality to perceive changes in the external environment, before sight, taste or sound. Odour molecules activate olfactory sensory neurons that reside on the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity, which transmits this odour‐specific information to the olfactory bulb (OB), where it is relayed to higher brain regions involved in olfactory perception and behaviour. Besides odour processing, recent studies suggest that the OB extends its function into the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Furthermore, numerous hormone receptors associated with appetite and metabolism are expressed within the OB, suggesting a neuroendocrine role outside the hypothalamus. Olfactory cues are important to promote food preparatory behaviours and consumption, such as enhancing appetite and salivation. In addition, altered metabolism or energy state (fasting, satiety and overnutrition) can change olfactory processing and perception. Similarly, various animal models and human pathologies indicate a strong link between olfactory impairment and metabolic dysfunction. Therefore, understanding the nature of this reciprocal relationship is critical to understand how olfactory or metabolic disorders arise. This present review elaborates on the connection between olfaction, feeding behaviour and metabolism and will shed light on the neuroendocrine role of the OB as an interface between the external and internal environments. Elucidating the specific mechanisms by which olfactory signals are integrated and translated into metabolic responses holds promise for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and interventions aimed at modulating appetite and promoting metabolic health.

show abstract

Sex difference in human olfactory sensitivity is associated with plasma adiponectin

Cited by 10 publications

References 62 publications

Ghrelin is related to lower brain reward activation during touch

Ghrelin is related to lower brain reward activation during touch

Hungry for compliments? Ghrelin is not associated with neural responses to social rewards or their pleasantness

The olfactory bulb: A neuroendocrine spotlight on feeding and metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About