Sex differences in early childhood, adolescence, and adulthood on cognitive tasks that rely on orbital prefrontal cortex

Overman, William H.

doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00279-3

Cited by 192 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although some studies that investigated the difference between pre-school boys and girls in tasks related to decision making found no significant differences between sexes 3,29,34 , girls made more advantageous choices than boys in the study carried by Garon & Moore 24 . Moreover, male adolescents appear to have a better performance than female adolescents 26,29 . Differences in the approaches of these studies may explain the heterogeneity of the results.…”

Section: Sample Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Among the studies reviewed, only eleven used the Iowa Gambling Task to assess decision-making 11,20,21,26,29,[47][48][49]51,52,54 . Seven of them used variations very similar to the original task in which there were small changes in the amount of the loan, gains and punishments after the choices 17,28,31,32,36,40,44 .…”

Section: Amongmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researches using the Iowa Gambling Task (and its variants for evaluation in childhood and adolescence) suggest the progressive development of skills linked to decision making processes in childhood and adolescence 26,[29][30][31]33,37,40,41,44 . In particular, these studies showed that children aged six and twelve years old select more cards from disadvantageous decks while adolescents aged thirteen to seventeen years old learn to select the cards from the advantageous decks during the task.…”

Section: Development Of Skills Associated With Decision Making In Chimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Avaliação neuropsicológica do processo de tomada de decisões em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Mata¹,

Neves²,

Lage³

et al. 2011

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Objective: Nowadays there has been growing interest in the "hot" aspects of the executive functions related to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), in particular in the affective decision-making process in children and adolescents. We reviewed the available literature about the evaluation of decision making in children and adolescents. Method: We searched for papers published from 2000 to 2009 that studied children and/or adolescents until the age of 16 in the Lilacs and PubMed index. The papers were analyzed according to the paradigms used in the studies, the conclusions about the development of the decision-making process, and the ability to distinguish between the clinical population and the controls. Results: Thirty-six papers were selected. Compared to the amount of studies of adults, there are still few studies focusing on children and adolescents. Several versions derived from the IGT were developed in order to study decision-making processes in children and adolescents. Discussion: The IGT is the most used instrument. In preschoolers, simplified versions have been used with greater frequency. The different paradigms are useful in differentiating between normal and psychiatric disorder patients. The results are positively and significantly related to the frequency of impulsive behaviors in nonclinical populations. FG, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2011;38(3):106-15 Keywords: Decision-making, Iowa Gambling Task, executive functions, cognitive development. Mata ResumoObjetivo: Atualmente, tem havido um interesse crescente nos aspectos "quentes" das funções executivas relacionados ao córtex orbitofrontal, em particular na tomada de decisão afetiva em crianças e adolescentes. Revisamos a literatura sobre a avaliação da tomada de decisão em crianças e adolescentes utilizando o paradigma do Iowa Gambling Task e derivados. Método: Pesquisamos artigos publicados de 2000 a 2009, indexados no Lilacs e no PubMed e que estudaram crianças e/ou adolescentes até 16 anos. Os artigos foram analisados de acordo com os paradigmas utilizados nos estudos, as conclusões sobre o desenvolvimento no processo de tomada de decisão e a capacidade de distinção entre a população clínica e os controles. Resultados: Trinta e seis artigos foram selecionados. Os estudos envolvendo crianças e adolescentes ainda são poucos quando comparados àqueles realizados com população adulta. Foram desenvolvidas diversas versões derivadas do paradigma IGT a fim de estudar a tomada de decisão em crianças e adolescentes. Conclusão: O IGT é o instrumento mais utilizado. Em pré-escolares, versões simplificadas têm sido utilizadas com maior frequência. Os diferentes paradigmas se mostram úteis na diferenciação entre sujeitos normais e com transtornos psiquiátricos. Os resultados se relacionam de forma positiva e significativa com a frequência de comportamentos impulsivos em populações não clínicas. FG, et al. / Rev Psiq Clín. 2011;38(3):106-15 Palavras-chave: Tomada de decisão, Iowa Gambling Task, funções executivas, desenvolvimento cognitivo. Mata

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Section: Sample Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Amongmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of Skills Associated With Decision Making In Chimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Avaliação neuropsicológica do processo de tomada de decisões em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Mata¹,

Neves²,

Lage³

et al. 2011

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, given that sex differences in affective decision-making likely emerge in adolescence (Overman 2004), future research examining sex differences in affective decision-making should take age and developmental period into account. Boys exhibited higher ADHD-I symptoms than girls, as expected, but contrary to prediction and previous research (APA 2000;Gaub and Carlson 1997), boys did not exhibit higher levels of ADHD-H and ODD symptoms than girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calkins and Dedmon (2000) demonstrated that boys have lower resting heart rates than girls; however, Alkon et al (2003) found no significant sex differences with regard to heart rate, RSA, or PEP during a series of challenging tasks. Previous research examining sex differences in affective decision-making in preschool-age children also has found no significant sex differences (Kerr and Zelazo 2004;Overman 2004), though males perform more favorably in affective decision-making tasks than females in adolescence (Overman 2004). To date, sex differences in ANS and affective decision-making in middle childhood have not been examined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Affective Decision-Making and Externalizing Behaviors: The Role of Autonomic Activity

Bubier

Drabick

2008

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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We tested a conceptual model involving the inter-relations among affective decision-making (indexed by a gambling task), autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in a largely impoverished, inner city sample of first through third grade children (N=63, 54% male). The present study hypothesized that impaired affective decision-making and decreased sympathetic and parasympathetic activation would be associated with higher levels of ADHD and ODD symptoms, and that low sympathetic and parasympathetic activation during an emotion-inducing task would mediate the relation between affective decision-making and child externalizing symptoms. In support of our model, disadvantageous decision-making on a gambling task was associated with ADHD hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms among boys, and attenuated sympathetic activation during an emotion-inducing task mediated this relation. Support for the model was not found among girls. KeywordsADHD; ODD; Psychophysiology; Decision-making Both attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is characterized by problems with attention, hyper-activity, and impulsivity, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), which is defined by a pattern of negativistic, hostile, and oppositional behaviors toward adults, are relatively common in childhood (American Psychiatric Association 2000), and are associated with numerous negative correlates and sequelae. These correlates include deficient social problem-solving skills and impaired social functioning (Frankel and Feinberg 2002;Matthys et al. 1999), poor academic achievement Rapport et al. 1999), and co-occurring internalizing disorders Jensen et al. 2001). In addition, ADHD and ODD are related prospectively to substance use, poor academic achievement, conduct disorder (CD), and antisocial behavior (Masten et al. 2005;van Bokhoven et al. 2005), though the association between ADHD and CD may be accounted for by co-occurring ODD (Lahey et al. 2002;van Lier et al. 2007).Despite some similar correlates and outcomes, research has shown significant differences among children with ADHD vs. ODD in terms of cognitive functioning and academic performance Keenan and Wakschlag 2000), prenatal/perinatal complications (Harvey et al. 2007 Drabick et al. 2004), and family psychiatric history Harvey et al. 2007). Similarly, the ADHD-predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) and ADHDpredominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-H) subtypes differ in terms of correlates. For instance, the ADHD-I subtype is associated with higher levels of academic difficulties and internalizing problems, whereas the ADHD-H subtype is associated with social impairment, motor inhibition deficits, and externalizing symptoms (Eiraldi et al. 1997;Gadow et al. 2000Gadow et al. , 2004McBurnett et al. 1999;Nigg et al. 2002). Despite these differences, most studies compare ADHD-I and the combined subtype of ADHD (ADHD-I + ADHD-H), likely because of the relatively lower base rates of pu...

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Executive Functions and Behavior Across the Lifespan

Eslinger¹,

Flaherty²

2018

The Wiley Handbook on the Aging Mind and Brain

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Sex differences in early childhood, adolescence, and adulthood on cognitive tasks that rely on orbital prefrontal cortex

Cited by 192 publications

References 26 publications

Avaliação neuropsicológica do processo de tomada de decisões em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Avaliação neuropsicológica do processo de tomada de decisões em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Affective Decision-Making and Externalizing Behaviors: The Role of Autonomic Activity

Executive Functions and Behavior Across the Lifespan

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