Sex Differences in Gut Microbiota

Kim, Yong‐Sung; Unno, Tatsuya; Kim, Byung Yong; Park, Mi Sung

doi:10.5534/wjmh.190009

Cited by 414 publications

(339 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…Sex hormones, in particular androgens, seem critical in shaping the gut microbiota composition. In mice, sex differences in gut microbiota appear with the onset of puberty and upon castration: the gut microbiota of a castrated male resembles that of a female [33]. Likewise, transfer of gut microbiota from males to females increases female testosterone levels and protects from autoimmunity [34], while the absence of gut microbiota diminishes sex-specific gene expression and metabolism [30,31,35].…”

Section: Sex Differences In the Immune System And Immune Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender medicine and oncology: report and consensus of an ESMO workshop

et al. 2019

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Background: The importance of sex and gender as modulators of disease biology and treatment outcomes is well known in other disciplines of medicine, such as cardiology, but remains an undervalued issue in oncology. Considering the increasing evidence for their relevance, European Society for Medical Oncology decided to address this topic and organized a multidisciplinary workshop in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 30 November and 1 December 2018. Design: Twenty invited faculty members and 40 selected physicians/scientists participated. Relevant content was presented by faculty members on the basis of a literature review conducted by each speaker. Following a moderated consensus session, the final consensus statements are reported here. Results: Clinically relevant sex differences include tumour biology, immune system activity, body composition and drug disposition and effects. The main differences between male and female cells are sex chromosomes and the level of sexual hormones they are exposed to. They influence both local and systemic determinants of carcinogenesis. Their effect on carcinogenesis in non-reproductive organs is largely unknown. Recent evidence also suggests differences in tumour biology and molecular markers. Regarding body composition, the difference in metabolically active, fat-free body mass is one of the most prominent: in a man and a woman of equal weight and height, it accounts for 80% of the man's and 65% of the woman's body mass, and is not taken into account in body-surface area based dosing of chemotherapy. Conclusion: Sex differences in cancer biology and treatment deserve more attention and systematic investigation. Interventional clinical trials evaluating sex-specific dosing regimens are necessary to improve the balance between efficacy and toxicity for drugs with significant pharmacokinetic differences. Especially in diseases or disease subgroups with significant differences in epidemiology or outcomes, men and women with non-sex-related cancers should be considered as biologically distinct groups of patients, for whom specific treatment approaches merit consideration.

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Section: Sex Differences In the Immune System And Immune Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender medicine and oncology: report and consensus of an ESMO workshop

et al. 2019

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“…32 Some studies have reported that women are more susceptible to the effects of cigarette smoke than men, 33,34 consistent with a more heightened innate immune response than in men. In addition, there are sex differences in microbiome diversity, 35 with women showing greater diversity. 36,37 Microbiome diversity has been linked to disinfectant use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RESULTS: Children in homes with a higher frequency of use of cleaning products in infancy, as determined by an interquartile range increase, had higher odds of recurrent wheeze (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.64), recurrent wheeze with atopy (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.02-2.16) and asthma diagnosis (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.09-1.70), but no increase in the odds of atopy at age 3 years (adjusted OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.96-1. 35). Compared with the lowest tertile of FUS exposure, infants in the highest tertile had higher odds of acquiring asthma.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of use of cleaning products with respiratory health in a Canadian birth cohort

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Dharma

et al. 2020

CMAJ

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“…Men and women are known to exhibit gender-specific differences in their immune system and their gut microbiota composition (Kim et al 2020). Previously, the gut microbiota from males or females were transferred to germ-free animals of either the same or the opposing gender and, in fact, microbiota-independent gender differences in distinct immune cell repertoires were already present in germ free mice.…”

Section: Sniffing ɵMe (S)-cupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota changes associated with ADNP deficiencies: rapid indicators for NAP (CP201) treatment of the ADNP syndrome and beyond

et al. 2020

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Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) and its protein snippet NAP (drug candidate CP201) regulate synapse formation and cognitive as well as behavioral functions, in part, through microtubule interaction. Given potential interactions between the microbiome and brain function, we now investigated the potential effects of the ADNP-deficient genotype, mimicking the ADNP syndrome on microbiota composition in the Adnp +/mouse model. We have discovered a surprising robust sexually dichotomized Adnp genotype effect and correction by NAP (CP201) as follows. Most of the commensal bacterial microbiota tested were affected by the Adnp genotype and corrected by NAP treatment in a male sex-dependent manner. The following list includes all the bacterial groups tested-labeled in bold are male Adnp-genotype increased and corrected (decreased) by NAP. (1) Eubacteriaceae (EubV3), (2) Enterobacteriaceae (Entero), (3) Enterococcus genus (gEncocc), (4) Lactobacillus group (Lacto), (5) Bifidobacterium genus (BIF), (6) Bacteroides/Prevotella species (Bac), (7) Clostridium coccoides group (Coer), (8) Clostridium leptum group (Cluster IV, sgClep), and (9) Mouse intestinal Bacteroides (MIB).No similarities were found between males and females regarding sex-and genotype-dependent microbiota distributions. Furthermore, a female Adnp +/genotype associated decrease (contrasting male increase) was observed in the Lactobacillus group (Lacto). Significant correlations were discovered between specific bacterial group loads and open-field behavior as well as social recognition behaviors. In summary, we discovered ADNP deficiency associated changes in commensal gut microbiota compositions, a sex-dependent biomarker for the ADNP syndrome and beyond. Strikingly, we discovered rapidly detected NAP (CP201) treatment-dependent biomarkers within the gut microbiota.Keywords Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) · Microbiota · NAP (CP201) · Behavior · Autism Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https ://doi.

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Sex Differences in Gut Microbiota

Cited by 414 publications

References 75 publications

Gender medicine and oncology: report and consensus of an ESMO workshop

Gender medicine and oncology: report and consensus of an ESMO workshop

Association of use of cleaning products with respiratory health in a Canadian birth cohort

Microbiota changes associated with ADNP deficiencies: rapid indicators for NAP (CP201) treatment of the ADNP syndrome and beyond

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