Sex Differences in HPA and HPG Axes Dysregulation in Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Shared Brain Circuitry Between Hormones and Mood

Goldstein, Jill M.; Holsen, Laura M.; Tobet, Stuart A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33721-5_10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, in healthy women using functional MRI, we demonstrated that sex differences in anterior hypothalamus, including PVN and VMN, under stress, were dependent on gonadal hormone changes over the menstrual cycle (2010; Goldstein et al, 2005). These findings suggest that an understanding of the role of hypothalamic nuclei in MDD, schizophrenia, ANS regulation, and other disorders, will contribute to understanding sex differences in the incidence of these disorders (Goldstein et al, 2006; 2012). Thus, the use of the novel methodology presented here will allow for critical investigations of these disorders and the further delineation of potential treatments, particularly sex-specific approaches to gene and drug discoveries that involve the hypothalamus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Volumetric parcellation methodology of the human hypothalamus in neuroimaging: Normative data and sex differences

et al. 2013

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There is increasing evidence regarding the importance of the hypothalamus for understanding sex differences in relation to neurological, psychiatric, endocrine and sleep disorders. Although different in histology, physiology, connections and function, multiple hypothalamic nuclei subserve non-voluntary functions and are nodal points for the purpose of maintaining homeostasis of the organism. Thus, given the critical importance of hypothalamic nuclei and their key multiple roles in regulating basic functions, it is important to develop the ability to conduct in vivo human studies of anatomic structure, volume, connectivity, and function of hypothalamic regions represented at the level of its nuclei. The goals of the present study were to develop a novel method of semi-automated volumetric parcellation for the human hypothalamus that could be used to investigate clinical conditions using MRI and to demonstrate its applicability. The proposed new method subdivides the hypothalamus into five parcels based on visible anatomic landmarks associated with specific nuclear groupings and was confirmed using two ex vivo hypothalami that were imaged in a 7 Tesla (7T) scanner and processed histologically. Imaging results were compared with histology from the same brain. Further, the method was applied to 44 healthy adults (26 men; 18 women, comparable on age, handedness, ethnicity, SES) to derive normative volumes and assess sex differences in hypothalamic regions using 1.5 Tesla MRI. Men compared to women had a significantly larger total hypothalamus, relative to cerebrum size, similar for both hemispheres, a difference that was primarily driven by the tuberal region, with the sex effect size being largest in the superior tuberal region and, to a lesser extent, inferior tuberal region. Given the critical role of hypothalamic nuclei in multiple chronic diseases and the importance of sex differences, we argue that the use of the novel methodology presented here will allow for critical investigations of these disorders and further delineation of potential treatments, particularly sex-specific approaches to gene and drug discoveries that involve hypothalamic nuclei.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Volumetric parcellation methodology of the human hypothalamus in neuroimaging: Normative data and sex differences

et al. 2013

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“…Studies on these are very scarce, but DHEA has been proposed to have an anti-aging effect and to represent a biomarker of healthy aging (Rathna & Padma, 2013). It was recently shown that its increased levels might be associated with lower depressive symptoms and better performance in memory and overall cognitive ability in older men and women (Goldstein, Holsen, Handa, & Tobet, 2013). More specifically, higher concentrations seem related with a better performance in executive function, concentration and working memory, in post-menopausal women (Davis, Panjari, & Stanczyk, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sex and sex-related hormones in cognition, mood and well-being in older men and women

Castanho

Moreira

Portugal‐Nunes

et al. 2014

Biological Psychology

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a b s t r a c tAlterations in hormone levels during aging impact on cognition and mood. Serum concentration levels of testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and prolactin (PRL) were assessed in 120 community-dwellers (51+ years of age, males and females), in a cross-sectional approach. Performance clusters based on executive functioning (GENEXEC), memory (MEM), mood and well-being were obtained. In males, higher PRL levels associated with worse cognitive performance, lower well-being, and higher scores in depression scales, and lower E2 with poorer cognition and higher depressive mood. DHEAS positively associated with GENEXEC and MEM. Nutritional status significantly associated with PRL (positively) and with DHEAS (negatively). Findings indicate that besides the more exhaustively studied E2 and TT, variations in the levels of sex-related hormones such as PRL, FSH, LH and DHEAS are of interest for the mental health aging profile particularly in men.

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Sex Differences in HPA and HPG Axes Dysregulation in Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Shared Brain Circuitry Between Hormones and Mood

Cited by 2 publications

References 216 publications

Volumetric parcellation methodology of the human hypothalamus in neuroimaging: Normative data and sex differences

Volumetric parcellation methodology of the human hypothalamus in neuroimaging: Normative data and sex differences

The role of sex and sex-related hormones in cognition, mood and well-being in older men and women

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