Sex Differences in Language Dysfunction  in Schizophrenia

Walder, Deborah J.; Seidman, Larry J.; Cullen, Nicole; Su, Jessica; Tsuang, Ming T.; Goldstein, Jill M.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.3.470

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Normal PT asymmetry (L>R among both sexes) was disrupted in male patients (smaller right PT, yielding exaggerated leftward asymmetry) and female patients (greater right PT, yielding greater symmetry) relative to healthy same-sex comparisons, with a significant sex by diagnostic group interaction effect (Goldstein et al 2002). We also showed a more pronounced reduction in anterior (e.g., phonology) and posterior (e.g., semantics) language functions in male than female patients relative to same-sex matched comparisons, with relatively preserved function among female patients despite somewhat worse (albeit mildly so) phonology (Walder et al 2006). This pilot study was aimed at investigating whether sex differences in structural brain volume abnormalities were associated with sex differences in language dysfunction in phonology, semantics and grammar in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…They were systematically ascertained and representative of an extensive outpatient treatment system in Boston, which ensured clinical stability upon participation. Of the 31 (17 male, 14 female) schizophrenia patients and 27 (13 male, 14 female) healthy comparisons included in (Goldstein et al 1998) and (Walder et al 2006), 34 underwent MRI and comprised the current sub-sample. Comparisons of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of this sub-sample with the original sample revealed no statistically significant differences.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subjects were also not hospitalized nor experiencing a current psychotic episode, also as reflected in mild to moderate symptomatology. Thus, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of this subsample were similar to the original sample described in (Goldstein et al 1998) and (Walder et al 2006). Given that MRIs were conducted at a different time than neuropsychological assessments, brief symptom evaluations were conducted to confirm the absence of change in clinical status since the prior assessment.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroanatomic substrates of sex differences in language dysfunction in schizophrenia: A pilot study

Walder

Seidman

Makris

et al. 2007

Schizophrenia Research

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Objective-This pilot study investigated whether our previous findings of disrupted normal sexual brain dimorphisms in language-associated regions in schizophrenia were linked with our previously reported sex differences in language dysfunction in schizophrenia.Method-Nineteen adults with schizophrenia and 15 normal comparisons were tested on phonology, semantics and grammar and underwent structural MRI.Results-Among males, left hippocampal and left planum temporale (PT) abnormalities were associated with phonological, semantic and grammar deficits, accounting for 17-52% and 27-33%, respectively, of variance in diagnostic group differences. Anterior cingulate gyrus was significantly associated with semantics. Among females, right Heschl's Gyrus (HG) and left PT were significantly associated with phonology, right HG with semantics and grammar and right hippocampus with semantics.Conclusions-These preliminary findings suggest disrupted sexual brain dimorphisms in schizophrenia are associated with sex-specific language deficits, and left hippocampal abnormalities, in particular, contribute to language dysfunction among men. Abnormalities in right cortical temporal regions showed stronger associations with language dysfunction among females.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroanatomic substrates of sex differences in language dysfunction in schizophrenia: A pilot study

Walder

Seidman

Makris

et al. 2007

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Specifically, higher dopaminergic tone in women may protect against the development of schizophrenia, alcoholism, and other diseases with established disturbances in DA function. In adults, alcoholism affects twice as many men as women and many studies have documented sex differences in the prevalence of and symptoms of schizophrenia (88)(89)(90). Notably, estrogen may possess neuroprotective qualities in its interaction with the DA system, especially with regard to schizophrenia (91).…”

Section: Sex Differences In Brain Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Knowledge of Sex Differences in Brain Structure, Function, and Chemistry

Cosgrove

Mazure

Staley

2007

Biological Psychiatry

895

615

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Background-Clinical and epidemiologic evidence demonstrates sex differences in the prevalence and course of various psychiatric disorders. Understanding sex-specific brain differences in healthy individuals is a critical first step towards understanding sex-specific expression of psychiatric disorders. Here, we evaluate evidence on sex differences in brain structure, chemistry and function using imaging methodologies, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in mentally healthy individuals.

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“…There is significant evidence that schizophrenia involves a primary rupture of the language, although the processes that enable the disturbances of language to be disassociated from the disturbances of thought are unclear 11 .Studies regarding alterations in language lateralization, suggest that schizophrenia is associated with a reduction in this lateralization in the left hemisphere, while others indicate structural and functional changes of the brain in regions related to language functions 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comportamento comunicativo de indivíduos com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia

et al. 2014

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Objetivo descrever o comportamento comunicativo de indivíduos com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia em processo de reabilitação psicossocial. Métodos estudo descritivo-exploratório, com amostra por conveniência de recorte transversal. Participaram 50 indivíduos com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, de ambos os sexos, com faixa etária entre 19 e 75 anos, usuários de um Núcleo de Saúde Mental de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foi realizado levantamento nos prontuários para obter dados pessoais e o subtipo da esquizofrenia. Para avaliar o comportamento comunicativo utilizou-se a Bateria Montreal de Avaliação da Comunicação (Bateria MAC), constituída por 14 tarefas que avaliam os aspectos discursivo, pragmático inferencial, léxico-semântico e prosódico da linguagem. Resultados os indivíduos, em sua maioria, eram do sexo masculino, com baixa escolaridade, praticantes do catolicismo e com esquizofrenia do subtipo paranoide. A avaliação pela Bateria MAC apontou alterações em todas as tarefas avaliadas e a maioria dos participantes respondeu que é consciente da dificuldade comunicativa. As maiores alterações ocorreram nas tarefas de evocação lexical com critério semântico, atos de fala indiretos, discurso conversacional e discurso narrativo, e, as menores alterações, ocorreram nos componentes prosódicos no nível de compreensão, destacando-se que, o nível da produção nos aspectos linguísticos e emocionais da prosódia, também apresentou alteração considerável. Conclusão todas as tarefas avaliadas apresentaram alterações. Os aspectos mais prejudicados foram o discurso e a pragmática, que não devem ser relacionados somente aos aspectos linguísticos, mas também às características de alteração do pensamento e da cognição, ao embotamento afetivo e questões sociais desse transtorno.

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Sex Differences in Language Dysfunction in Schizophrenia

Abstract: Findings were consistent with prior evidence of overall language dysfunction in schizophrenia and may have implications for understanding sex differences in neuroanatomic abnormalities in regions associated with phonological processing.

Cited by 46 publications

References 76 publications

Neuroanatomic substrates of sex differences in language dysfunction in schizophrenia: A pilot study

Neuroanatomic substrates of sex differences in language dysfunction in schizophrenia: A pilot study

Evolving Knowledge of Sex Differences in Brain Structure, Function, and Chemistry

Comportamento comunicativo de indivíduos com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia

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