Sex differences in response to lifestyle intervention among children and adolescents: Systematic review and <scp>meta‐analysis</scp>

Mast, Alexis; Peña, Armando; Bolch, Charlotte; Shaibi, Gabriel Q.; Wyst, Kiley B. Vander

doi:10.1002/oby.23663

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(418 reference statements)

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“…22 However, a recent systematic review found no significant differences between boys and girls in any of the body composition measures, including weight, BMI, BMI z-score, percentage body fat and waist circumference. 23 In the Gulf region specifically, Choudhury et al 24 reported no gender differences in BMI or other body composition measures. Similarly, in a school-based intervention conducted in Kuwait, there was no significant gender difference in participants’ BMI change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An examination of the predictors of change in BMI among 38 026 school students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Banany,

Gebel,

Sibbritt

2024

International Health

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Background The prevalence of childhood obesity has substantially increased in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, including Saudi Arabia. The Rashaka initiative is a Saudi national school-based multicomponent intervention that was introduced in the school year 2016–2017 to address childhood overweight and obesity. This study aims to examine the effect of the Rashaka initiative on students’ body mass index (BMI) for two academic years (2016–2017 and 2018–2019) and to analyse predictors of BMI change. Methods Secondary data for this pre–post study was provided by the Ministry of Health for 38 026 students from 89 intermediate and secondary schools that implemented the initiative in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. It was analysed using non-parametric tests and multiple regressions at a 5% level of significance. Results Over 2 y of implementation, BMI was reduced significantly across the schools (p < 0.001). Based on the regression modelling, school gender and education stage were found to be the only significant predictors of BMI change. Girls and intermediate schools had greater BMI reductions than boys and secondary schools (p < 0.001 and p = 0.031). Conclusions This study provides tentative evidence for the effectiveness of the Rashaka intervention in Makkah City. In addition, our study has identified that the Rashaka initiative may require modification to improve its effect on boys and students in secondary schools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

An examination of the predictors of change in BMI among 38 026 school students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Banany,

Gebel,

Sibbritt

2024

International Health

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“…A multidisciplinary inpatient program carried out in Switzerland in a small group of adolescents with severe obesity, showed that boys lowered their BMI by a greater extent than girls ( 28 ). A recent review analyzed the effect of gender on response to lifestyle intervention among children and adolescent and concluded that boys and girls did not demonstrate a differential response to the treatment for weight, BMI z score or waist circumference ( 29 ). Most of the study included in this review was not designed to detect sex as a primary determinant of outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in cardiometabolic risk factors and in response to lifestyle intervention in prepubertal and pubertal subjects with obesity

Gilardini,

Croci,

Cavaggioni

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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ObjectivesChildhood obesity is a growing health problem and requires a tailored treatment. This study explored the sex differences in cardiovascular risk factors in children/adolescents with obesity and in response to a weight loss intervention.MethodsFive hundred and thirty-three children/adolescents with obesity and their parents underwent to a 3-months lifestyle intervention program. Tanner criteria were used to assess the pubertal stage. Before and after 3 months, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), and biochemical measurements were assessed.ResultsFour hundred and forty five participants completed the treatment (age 12.4 ± 2.7 years, males 45.8%, prepubertal 29.2%, BMI z score 2.3 ± 0.2). In comparison to boys, prepubertal girls had higher values of BMI z score (2.4 ± 02 vs. 2.3 ± 0.2, p < 0.05), waist circumference z score (2.2 ± 0.3 vs. 2.0 ± 0.3, p < 0.05), HOMA-IR [2.9 (2.1–4.9) vs. 2.3(1.5–3.6), p < 0.01], prevalence of hypertransaminasemia (41.3% vs. 17.7%, p < 0.05) and lower levels of HDL cholesterol (46.2 ± 9.8 vs. 51.2 ± 10.5 mg/dl, p < 0.05). In the pubertal stage, boys had worse cardiometabolic risk profile than girls, including unfavourable measure of systolic BP (z score: 0.6 ± 1.0 vs. 0.3 ± 1.0, p < 0.01), fasting glucose (87.2 ± 6.1 vs. 84.8 ± 7.7 mg/dl, p < 0.01), ALT (26.9 ± 21.5 vs. 20.2 ± 10.6 U/L, p < 0.001) and uric acid (6.1 ± 1.9 vs. 5.0 ± 1.0 mg/dl, p < 0.001). After the lifestyle intervention, changes in BMI z score (p < 0.05) were higher in pubertal boys than pubertal girls. The systolic blood pressure decrease was greater in pubertal boys than in their female counterpart (Δ systolic BP: −7.2 mmHg in boys vs. −3.6 mmHg in girls, p < 0.05; Δ systolic BP z score: −0.6 in boys vs. −0.3 in girls, p < 0.05). LDL cholesterol showed an improvement only in boys, and ALT in the whole group.ConclusionOur study showed that a short-term lifestyle intervention is more effective in reducing BMI z score and cardiovascular risk factors in pubertal boys than in their female counterparts. Further investigation is needed to deepen this gender difference, especially to develop a tailor-made intervention.

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A multicomponent intervention program modifies the cluster of insulin biomarkers, body composition, physical fitness, and behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a network perspective

Schneiders,

Bandeira,

Gaya

et al. 2024

Sport Sci Health

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BackgroundOverweight and obesity in adolescence is a clear example of a complex system challenging, as it is a human development stage that obesity is associated with metabolic, neurodevelopmental, psychological, social, and behavioral changes, which makes treatment for this comorbidity di cult. Objective: analyze the relationships between sociodemographic, behavioral, breastfeeding, body composition, physical tness, and biomarkers of insulin metabolism before and after a multicomponent intervention with overweight and obese adolescents through network analysis.Methods: quasi-experimental, 37 overweight/obese adolescents, Intervention Group-IG = 17; Control Group-CG = 20. The program lasted six months, three weekly sessions of physical exercises, nutritional and psychological guidance. The assessment was performed in the moments before and after the intervention on body composition, physical tness and insulin biomarkers and lifestyle indicators. Network Analysis was used with three centrality indicators: proximity; strength and expected in uence.Results: Two networks were generated, for the moment before and after the intervention. For centrality measures before the intervention, closeness:

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Sex differences in response to lifestyle intervention among children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 133 publications

An examination of the predictors of change in BMI among 38 026 school students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

An examination of the predictors of change in BMI among 38 026 school students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Sex differences in cardiometabolic risk factors and in response to lifestyle intervention in prepubertal and pubertal subjects with obesity

A multicomponent intervention program modifies the cluster of insulin biomarkers, body composition, physical fitness, and behaviors in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a network perspective

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