Sex differences in resting state functional connectivity across the first two years of life

Fenske, Sonja J.; Liu, Janelle; Chen, Haitao; Diniz, Márcio A.; Stephens, Rebecca; Cornea, Emil; Gilmore, John H.; Gao, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101235

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…These sex differences in functional connectivity were found to be associated with behavioural scores collected throughout infancy and early childhood. The observed variations in sex differences underscore the substantial variability in early life, mirroring the rapid structural brain growth and functional reorganization that correlates with genes on the X chromosome (Fenske et al, 2023).…”

Section: Neural Networkmentioning

confidence: 89%

Insight into brain sex differences of typically developed infants and brain pathologies: A systematic review

Saker,

Rizk,

Merie

et al. 2024

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The continually advancing landscape of neuroscientific and imaging research has broadened our comprehension of sex differences encoded in the human brain, expanding from the hypothalamus and sexual behaviour to encompass the entire brain, including its diverse lobes, structures, and functions. However, less is known about sex differences in the brains of neonates and infants, despite their relevance to various sex‐linked diseases that develop early in life. In this review, we provide a synopsis of the literature evidence on sex differences in the brains of neonates and infants at the morphological, structural and network levels. We also briefly overview the present evidence on the sex bias in some brain disorders affecting infants and neonates.

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Section: Neural Networkmentioning

confidence: 89%

Insight into brain sex differences of typically developed infants and brain pathologies: A systematic review

Saker,

Rizk,

Merie

et al. 2024

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…In view of these studies, we sought to further explore STS development, notably its functional connectivity at full-term birth in order, on the one hand, to provide a better description of the early linguistic network and, on the other, to explore whether preterm birth might alter this connectivity. We also investigated the effect of biological sex, as a more asymmetrical brain, higher risk of cognitive impairment and slower development of communication skills tend to be reported in male individuals than in female ones (Etchell et al, 2018; Fenske et al, 2023; Hirnstein et al, 2019; Leroy et al, 2015; Williams et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of environmental and biological factors on functional connectivity of the superior temporal sulcus in neonates scanned at term age

Mancuso,

Bacquet,

Benjamin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The superior temporal sulcus (STS), one of the first sulci visible during brain development, is a key region for human communication, notably hosting linguistic functions in the left hemisphere. Fetuses and premature newborns already process external sound, but the auditory environment is vastly differentin-uteroandex-utero.Does this have an impact on the development of the auditory and linguistic networks? To answer this question, we studied the functional connectivity of regions bordering the STS, delimited in each individual including full-term and preterm male and female neonates born at different gestational ages but all scanned at term. We found that in addition to the expected contralateral connectivity, various STS parts were more strongly connected to specific distant regions, revealing the typical auditory/linguistic division across the two banks of the STS reported in adults. Furthermore, the right posterior STS was more connected to the contralateral hemisphere than the left. Finally, sex and premature birth had effects on both STS volume and connectivity. Female neonates displayed a lesser left-right asymmetry in STS depth, and heightened connectivity from the left posterior STS compared to males. Most importantly, despite equivalent scan age, full-term newborns had deeper sulci compared with preterms, and local connectivity in the right temporal region increased linearly with gestation length. These results emphasize the impact of both sex and early auditory environment on the setting up of the cerebral networks that might contribute to explain the milder impact of premature birth on language in females.

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“…We replicated and extended the study of Madigan et al with a larger sample size, at a slightly early age, and with differential cultural backgrounds. Maternal prenatal or postpartum stress and child’s sex may be associated with cognitive functioning and behavioral problems in children . Detecting interactions is crucial for public health if maternal stress influences the fetal or children’s environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal prenatal or postpartum stress and child’s sex may be associated with cognitive functioning and behavioral problems in children. 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 Detecting interactions is crucial for public health if maternal stress influences the fetal or children’s environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen Time and Developmental Performance Among Children at 1-3 Years of Age in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Yamamoto,

Mezawa,

Sakurai

et al. 2023

JAMA Pediatr

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ImportanceIt is unclear whether increased television (TV) and DVD viewing in early childhood from age 1 year decreases development or whether poor development increases TV/DVD viewing.ObjectiveTo investigate the directional association between TV/DVD screen time and performance on developmental screeners in children aged 1 to 3 years.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis longitudinal cohort study analyzed data from 57 980 children and mothers from a national birth cohort, the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Data were collected in collaboration with 15 regional centers across Japan. The mothers were recruited between January 2011 and March 2014. Analyses using random intercept, cross-lagged panel models were performed for children aged 1, 2, and 3 years. Of 100 303 live births, children with missing developmental screening test scores and screen time data, those with congenital diseases or cerebral palsy, and those diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder were excluded. Statistical analyses were conducted from October 2022 to July 2023.ExposuresTV and DVD screen time.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChild development at ages 1, 2, and 3 years was assessed via the mother’s or guardian’s report using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition.ResultsOf 57 980 included children, 29 418 (50.7%) were male, and the mean (SD) maternal age at delivery was 31.5 (4.9) years. A negative association between screen time and developmental scores was observed. Increased TV/DVD screen times at age 1 and 2 years were associated with lower developmental scores at age 2 and 3 years, respectively (2 years: β = −0.05; 95% CI, −0.06 to −0.04; 3 years: β = −0.08; 95% CI, −0.09 to −0.06). An obverse association was observed from the Ages and Stages Questionnaires, third edition, score in the communication domain at age 1 and 2 years to subsequent screen time (2 years: γ = −0.03; 95% CI, −0.04 to −0.02; 3 years: γ = −0.06; 95% CI, −0.07 to −0.04).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, increased TV/DVD screen time from age 1 year negatively affected later development. To reduce the negative consequences of excessive media use, researchers and health care professionals should encourage family media management and recommend social support for parents who tend to rely on the media.

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Sex differences in resting state functional connectivity across the first two years of life

Cited by 5 publications

References 108 publications

Insight into brain sex differences of typically developed infants and brain pathologies: A systematic review

Insight into brain sex differences of typically developed infants and brain pathologies: A systematic review

Influence of environmental and biological factors on functional connectivity of the superior temporal sulcus in neonates scanned at term age

Screen Time and Developmental Performance Among Children at 1-3 Years of Age in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

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