Sex differences in risk factors for retinopathy in non‐diabetic men and women: The Tromsø Eye Study

Bertelsen, Geir; Lindekleiv, Haakon; Schirmer, Henrik; Solbu, Marit Dahl; Toft, Ingrid; Sjølie, Anne Katrin; Njølstad, Inger

doi:10.1111/aos.12199

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Given the predicted role of metabolic changes in patients with severe obesity, a much larger proportion of RP was expected. Beyond the young age and predominant female gender which may partially explain these findings,18 other contributing factors remain unknown. Severe obesity results in inflammation, oxidative stress, higher blood glucose and hypertension, which might lead to both narrow arterioles and wide venules 19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Retinopathy in an obesity WHO III cohort: prevalence and risk factors

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…High SBP is a well-established risk factor for the development of RP in both, persons with20 and without diabetes 18…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinopathy in an obesity WHO III cohort: prevalence and risk factors

et al. 2017

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“…6,7 This is comparable with studies in western Europe with largely Caucasian populations, such as in the Gutenberg Health Study in Germany with a prevalence of 21.7% 8 and Tromsø Eye Study in Norway with a prevalence of 26.8%. 9 Multiple studies have reported a higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in black and Hispanic populations. Studies performed in the US reported a prevalence of 36.7% 6 and 38.8% 7 in African American populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between diabetic retinopathy and systemic risk factors

Wat¹,

Wong²,

Wong³

2016

Hong Kong Med J

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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease with complications that include sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. It is essential to understand the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy before effective prevention can be implemented. The aim of this review was to examine the association between diabetic retinopathy and systemic risk factors.Methods: A PubMed literature search was performed up to May 2016 to identify articles reporting associations between diabetic retinopathy and systemic risk factors; only publications written in English were included. Relevant articles were selected and analysed. Results:Patients with diabetic retinopathy were more likely to have poor glycaemic control as reflected by a higher glycated haemoglobin, longer duration of diabetes, and use of insulin therapy for treatment. For other systemic risk factors, hypertension was positively associated with prevalence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. No clear association between obesity, hyperlipidaemia, gender, or smoking with diabetic retinopathy has been established as Associations between diabetic retinopathy and systemic risk factors IntroductionDiabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in adults living in developed countries. 1 Almost all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and more than 60% of patients with type 2 DM will develop some degree of retinopathy after a 20-year history of diabetes.2 It has also been well established that DM increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. 3Cheng et al 4 found that the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy associated with one, two, three, or four cardiometabolic risk factors was 16.0%, 17.6%, 21.3%, or 25.1%, respectively (P=0.001). This implies a relationship between systemic health conditions and diabetic retinopathy. In order to help identify and to prevent progression of this ophthalmic complication of diabetes, a better understanding of its association with systemic risk factors is necessary. MethodsA PubMed literature search was conducted up to May 2016 using the following key words: "diabetic retinopathy", "prevalence", "epidemiology", "systemic associations", "risk factors", "diabetic Hong Kong Med J 2016;22:589-99

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“…A previous study reported that the prevalence of hypertension among Xavante Indians was 17.5% [12], which was lower than the 20% found in the general adult Brazilian population [51]. Several studies have reported an association of hypertension with DR [32, 52–55]. Despite the report of this association, it was not found among the Xavante Indians (adjusted PR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.1–1.5; Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic retinopathy among Brazilian Xavante Indians

Lima

Franco

Fabbro

et al. 2018

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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BackgroundTo describe the frequency of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its associated variables in Brazilian Xavante Indians.MethodsA population-based survey carried out in two Xavante Reservations between 2008 and 2012, included 948 Indians aged 20 years or more, identified 246 individuals with type 2 diabetes. A non-probabilistic cluster sample of 140 diabetic individuals were submitted to ophthalmologic examination. Due to operational conditions and to optimize the field work, only the larger Xavante villages were included. Ophthalmologic examinations were performed during one trip to each reservation, in their villages and consisted of measurement visual acuity, anterior segment biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry, and direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy.ResultsThe frequency of DR was 19.3%, distributed as follows: mild non-proliferative retinopathy in nine (33.3%) subjects, moderate in nine (33.3%), severe in six (22.3%), very severe in two (7.4%), and high-risk proliferative DR in one (3.7%). The occurrence of DR was higher among those with a longer duration of diabetes, higher levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose, papillary excavation ≥ 0.5, and among individuals in older age group. Using the log-binomial regression model, diabetes duration > 24 months and HbA1c ≥ 6.5% were significantly associated with the occurrence of DR.ConclusionsThe presence of DR (19.3%) in Xavante Indians is an alert for health care providers for this population, since diabetes is a new disease among them. Its association with disease duration, high levels of HbA1c and blood glucose calls attention for the necessity of more actions to improve diabetes control in this recently contacted ethnic group that needs particular attention.

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Sex differences in risk factors for retinopathy in non‐diabetic men and women: The Tromsø Eye Study

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Retinopathy in an obesity WHO III cohort: prevalence and risk factors

Retinopathy in an obesity WHO III cohort: prevalence and risk factors

Associations between diabetic retinopathy and systemic risk factors

Diabetic retinopathy among Brazilian Xavante Indians

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