Sex differences in self-confidence: The influence of comparison to others' ability level

Relationship between Self-Confidence and Sex Role Identity among Managerial Women and Men

“…The self-confidence of American women appears to be more responsive to situational variations than that of men (Carr et al, 1985; Lenney, 1977; Lenney, Gold, & Browning, 1983), which suggests that women may not have lower self-confidence than that of men-as suggested by earlier research-but rather may vary more than that of men, both lower and higher, depending on the role or situation. For example, self-confidence scores did not vary significantly for men who performed masculine, feminine, or gender-neutral tasks, but women scored considerably higher on feminine and neutral tasks than on the masculine (Carr et al, 1985).…”

Self-Presentation Bias and Continuing Motivation Among Adolescents

“…A positive presentation of oneself, or self-presentation bias, is another factor that may influence students' choices of academic tasks (Gould & Slone, 1982;Lenney, Gold, & Browning, 1983). Individuals show self-presentation bias by projecting personal behaviors that present themselves more positively than others (Deaux & Major, 1987;Sleeper & Nigro, 1987).…”

Exploring the relationship of perceived automotive salesperson attributes, customer satisfaction and intentions to automotive service department patronage: The moderating role of customer gender

“…The notion that women more comprehensively process information than do men in the same task context has received much research support (Benyamini et al, 2000;Gilligan, 1982;Lenney et al, 1983;Darley and Smith, 1995). Females also play a dominant role in the shopping activity.…”