Sex differences in sympathetic-adrenal medullary reactions induced by different stressors.

Frankenhaeuser, Marianne; Dunne, Elizabeth; Lundberg, Ulf

doi:10.1037/e442142004-001

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, this hypothesis does not ®t our data as no sex dierences in the [A] responses were found in the present study. Nevertheless, the less clear [A] response pattern in the present study may not be surprising, as the plasma [A] has been found to be aected, in addition to the sympathetic activation of the adrenal medulla, also by peripheral factors such as blood glucose concentration (Kjaer 1989) and by psychological factors (Frankenhaeuser et al 1976;Forsman and Lindblad 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…It is possible that it was anticipated that this test would be extremely exhausting and so it caused higher emotional stress than the other exercise tests. According to Frankenhaeuser et al (1976) plasma [A] has been found to be a sensitive indicator of mental stress, while the threshold for the plasma [NA] response is higher. However, the [A] response to mental stress has been shown to be higher in men than in women (Frankenhaeuser et al 1976;Forsman and Lindblad 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plasma catecholamine responses to four resistance exercise tests in men and women

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The plasma adrenaline ([A]) and noradrenaline ([NA]) concentration responses of nine men and eight women were investigated in four resistance exercise tests (E80, E60, E40 and E20), in which the subjects had to perform a maximal number of bilateral knee extension-flexion movements at a given cycle pace of 0.5 Hz, but at different load levels (80%, 60%, 40% and 20% of 1 repetition maximum, respectively). The four test sessions were separated by a minimal interval of 3 rest days. The number of repetitions (Repmax), the total work (Wtot) done normalized for the lean body mass and the heart rate (HR) responses were similar in the two groups in each test. In addition, no differences were found between the two groups in [A] and [NA] either before or after the exercise tests. The postexercise [NA], both in the men [10.8 (SD 7.0) nmol x l(-1)] and in the women [11.7 (SD 7.4) nmol x l(-1)], was clearly the highest in E20, where also the Repmax, WtOt, the total amount of integrated electromyograph activity in the agonist muscles and the peak postexercise blood lactate concentration [men 8.3 (SD 1.6) vs women 7.3 (SD 0.9) mmol x l(-1), ns] were significantly higher than in the other tests. Although the postexercise [A] in E20 both in the men [7.1 (SD 6.0) nmol x l(-1)] and in the women [5.2 (SD 2.0) nmol x l(-1)] were higher than in E80 [men 3.1 (SD 4.2), women 2.1 (SD 2.0) nmol x l(-l)] (P < 0.05), they were not significantly different from E60 [men 3.6 (SD 1.9), women 4.0 (SD 3.3) nmol x l(-1)] and E40 [men 3.8 (SD 4.1), women 5.8 (SD 4.0) nmol x l(-1)] in either group. The present study did not indicate any sex differences in performance and in plasma catecholamine responses in different exhausting resistance exercise tests performed with the knee extensor muscles. In both groups the plasma [NA] response was clearly the largest in the longest exercise with the greatest amount of muscle activity and work done, and with the largest blood lactate response. The differences in the plasma [A] responses between the exercises tended to be somewhat smaller.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma catecholamine responses to four resistance exercise tests in men and women

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to Frankenhaeuser et al (1976), plasma A is a sensitive indicator of mental stress, while the threshold for the plasma NA response is higher. However, it is unlikely that lower emotional stress could explain the lower A response in E2 than in E1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plasma catecholamine responses and neural adaptation during short-term resistance training

Pullinen¹,

Huttunen

Komi³

2000

European Journal of Applied Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low exercise-induced plasma adrenaline (A) responses have been reported in resistance-trained individuals. In the study reported here, we investigated the interaction between strength gain and neural adaptation of the muscles, and the plasma A response in eight healthy men during a short-term resistance-training period. The subjects performed 5 resistance exercises (E1-E5), consisting of 6 sets of 12 bilateral leg extensions performed at a 50% load, and with 2 days rest in between. Average electromyographic (EMG) signal amplitude was recorded before and after the exercises, from the knee extensor muscles in isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) as well as during the exercises (aEMGmax and aEMGexerc, respectively). Total oxygen consumed during the exercises (VO2tot) was also measured. All of the exercises were exhaustive and caused significant decreases in MVC (34-36%, P < 0.001). As expected, the concentric one-repetition maximum (1-RM), MVC and aEMGmax were all higher before the last exercise (E5) than before the first exercise (E1; 7, 9 and 19%, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, in E5 the aEMGexerc:load and VO2tot:load ratios were lower than in E1 (-5 and -14%, P < 0.05), indicating enhanced efficiency of the muscle contractions, However, the post-exercise plasma noradrenaline (NA) and A were not different in these two exercises [mean (SD) 10.2 (3.8) nmol x l(-1) vs 11.3 (6.0) nmol x l(-1), ns, and 1.2 (1.0) nmol x l(-1) vs 1.9 (1.1) nmol x l(-1), ns, respectively]. However, although NA increased similarly in every exercise (P < 0.01), the increase in A reached the level of statistical significance only in E1 (P < 0.05). The post-exercise A was also already lower in E2 [0.7 (0.7) nmol x l(-1), P < 0.05) than in E1, despite the higher post-exercise blood lactate concentration than in the other exercises [9.4 (1.1) mmol x l(-1), P < 0.05]. Thus, the results suggest that the observed attenuation in the A response can not be explained by reduced exercise-induced strain due to the strength gain and neural adaptation of the muscles. Correlation analysis actually revealed that those individuals who had the highest strength gain during the training period even tended to have an increased post-exercise A concentration in the last exercise as compared to first one (r = 0.76, P < 0.05).

show abstract

“…Urinary adrenaline but not noradrenaline excretion has been found to increase significantly in response to the CWT (12,(33)(34)(35). The greater increase of adrenaline compared to noradrenaline output in response to many kinds of moderate psychologic stress has been well documented (36,37).…”

Section: Plasma Catecholamines and Mental Stressmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Mental Stress on Baroreceptor-Mediated Changes in Blood Pressure and Heart Rate and on Plasma Catecholamines and Subjective Responses in Healthy Men and Women

Forsman¹,

Lindblad²

1983

Psychosomatic Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to determine whether carotid sinus baroreceptor reflexes are impaired by moderate mental stress. In 12 healthy subjects (6 men, 6 women) baroreceptors were stimulated by static neck suction (at -40 mm Hg) for repeated 2-minute periods during mental stress and control conditions. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and levels of plasma catecholamines were measured, and self-reports of effort and distress were obtained. Mental stress, which was induced by a color-word conflict task, increased mean levels of heart rate (+12.4 beats/min; p less than 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (+11.8 mm Hg; p; less than 0.001). The onset of mental stress induced increases in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations of 45.8% (p less than 0.08) and 17.6% (p less than 0.05), respectively. The increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly greater in men than in women (p less than 0.01). During mental stress, men had significantly higher levels of plasma adrenaline (p less than 0.05). In both sexes neck suction induced a significant decrease in heart rate and systolic blood pressure; these effects were essentially the same during mental stress and control. The results suggest that nonspecific mental stress does not substantially influence the ability of carotid sinus baroreceptors to decrease heart rate or blood pressure in response to sustained changes in baroreceptor input. The possibility that transient changes influence reflex activity is discussed.

show abstract

Sex differences in sympathetic-adrenal medullary reactions induced by different stressors.

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Plasma catecholamine responses to four resistance exercise tests in men and women

Plasma catecholamine responses to four resistance exercise tests in men and women

Plasma catecholamine responses and neural adaptation during short-term resistance training

Effect of Mental Stress on Baroreceptor-Mediated Changes in Blood Pressure and Heart Rate and on Plasma Catecholamines and Subjective Responses in Healthy Men and Women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About